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Alpha 2 receptors are associated with sympatholytic properties. Alpha-adrenergic agonists have the opposite function of alpha blockers . Alpha adrenoreceptor ligands mimic the action of epinephrine and norepinephrine signaling in the heart, smooth muscle and central nervous system, with norepinephrine being the highest affinity.
Many tricyclic antidepressants, tetracyclic antidepressants, antipsychotics, ergolines, and some piperazines like buspirone, trazodone, nefazodone, etoperidone, and mepiprazole antagonize α 1-adrenergic receptors as well, which contributes to their side effects such as orthostatic hypotension.
[23] [3] When xylazine and other α 2-adrenergic receptor agonists are administered, they distribute throughout the body within 30 to 40 minutes. [17] Due to xylazine's highly lipophilic nature, it directly stimulates central α 2-adrenergic receptors as well as peripheral α-adrenergic receptors in a variety of tissues.
The mechanisms of sympathomimetic drugs can be direct-acting (direct interaction between drug and receptor), such as α-adrenergic agonists, β-adrenergic agonists, and dopaminergic agonists; or indirect-acting (interaction not between drug and receptor), such as MAOIs, COMT inhibitors, release stimulants, and reuptake inhibitors that increase the levels of endogenous catecholamines.
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Brimonidine is an α 2 adrenergic agonist. [4] Peripheral α 2 agonist activity results in vasoconstriction of blood vessels (as opposed to central α 2 agonist activity that decreases sympathetic tone, as can be seen by the medication clonidine). This vasoconstriction may explain the acute reduction in aqueous humor flow.
An adrenergic agonist is a drug that stimulates a response from the adrenergic receptors. The five main categories of adrenergic receptors are: α 1, α 2, β 1, β 2, and β 3, although there are more subtypes, and agonists vary in specificity between these receptors, and may be classified respectively. However, there are also other mechanisms ...
Alpha agonist may refer to: Alpha-adrenergic agonist , drugs that selectively stimulate alpha adrenergic receptors PPAR-alpha agonist , drugs which act upon the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha