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  2. Spacetime diagram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spacetime_diagram

    The dashed lines represent the light cone of a flash of light at the origin. The term Minkowski diagram refers to a specific form of spacetime diagram frequently used in special relativity. A Minkowski diagram is a two-dimensional graphical depiction of a portion of Minkowski space , usually where space has been curtailed to a single dimension.

  3. Rindler coordinates - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rindler_coordinates

    Rindler chart, for = in equation (), plotted on a Minkowski diagram.The dashed lines are the Rindler horizons. The worldline of a body in hyperbolic motion having constant proper acceleration in the -direction as a function of proper time and rapidity can be given by [16]

  4. World line - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_line

    The concept of a "world line" is distinguished from concepts such as an "orbit" or a "trajectory" (e.g., a planet's orbit in space or the trajectory of a car on a road) by inclusion of the dimension time, and typically encompasses a large area of spacetime wherein paths which are straight perceptually are rendered as curves in spacetime to show ...

  5. Light cone - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light_cone

    The purple (dashed) line shows the path of a photon emitted from the surface of a collapsing star. The green (dot-dash) line shows the path of another photon shining at the singularity. In flat spacetime, the future light cone of an event is the boundary of its causal future and its past light cone is the boundary of its causal past .

  6. Contour line - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contour_line

    Line type refers to whether the basic contour line is solid, dashed, dotted or broken in some other pattern to create the desired effect. Dotted or dashed lines are often used when the underlying base map conveys very important (or difficult to read) information.

  7. Engineering drawing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engineering_drawing

    Type F lines are Type E lines, except these are used for drawings in electrotechnology. 2H pencil; Type G lines are used for centre lines. These are dotted lines, but a long line of 10–20 mm, then a 1 mm gap, then a small line of 2 mm. 2H pencil; Type H lines are the same as type G, except that every second long line is thicker. These ...

  8. Structural formula - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_formula

    A dashed wedge indicates that the atom is behind the molecule; it is pointing below the plane of the paper. When a straight, un-dashed line is used, the atom is in the plane of the paper. This spatial arrangement provides an idea of the molecule in a 3-dimensional space and there are constraints as to how the spatial arrangements can be ...

  9. Hard spheres - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_spheres

    Phase diagram of hard sphere system (Solid line - stable branch, dashed line - metastable branch): Pressure as a function of the volume fraction (or packing fraction) The hard sphere system exhibits a fluid-solid phase transition between the volume fractions of freezing η f ≈ 0.494 {\displaystyle \eta _{\mathrm {f} }\approx 0.494} and ...