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at each geopotential altitude, where g is the standard acceleration of gravity, and R specific is the specific gas constant for dry air (287.0528J⋅kg −1 ⋅K −1). The solution is given by the barometric formula. Air density must be calculated in order to solve for the pressure, and is used in calculating dynamic pressure for moving vehicles.
Comparison of the 1962 US Standard Atmosphere graph of geometric altitude against air density, pressure, the speed of sound and temperature with approximate altitudes of various objects. [ 1 ] Atmospheric temperature is a measure of temperature at different levels of the Earth's atmosphere .
However, a common temperature and pressure in use by NIST for thermodynamic experiments is 298.15 K (25 °C, 77 °F) and 1 bar (14.5038 psi, 100 kPa). [ 4 ] [ 5 ] NIST also uses 15 °C (288.15 K, 59 °F) for the temperature compensation of refined petroleum products, despite noting that these two values are not exactly consistent with each other.
Comparison of the 1962 US Standard Atmosphere graph of geometric altitude against air density, pressure, the speed of sound and temperature with approximate altitudes of various objects. [ 1 ] The U.S. Standard Atmosphere is a static atmospheric model of how the pressure , temperature , density , and viscosity of the Earth's atmosphere change ...
Atmospheric pressure, also known as air pressure or barometric pressure (after the barometer), is the pressure within the atmosphere of Earth.The standard atmosphere (symbol: atm) is a unit of pressure defined as 101,325 Pa (1,013.25 hPa), which is equivalent to 1,013.25 millibars, [1] 760 mm Hg, 29.9212 inches Hg, or 14.696 psi. [2]
Maps using isotherms show temperature gradients, [2] which can help locate weather fronts. Isotach maps, analyzing lines of equal wind speed, [3] on a constant pressure surface of 300 or 250 hPa show where the jet stream is located. Use of constant pressure charts at the 700 and 500 hPa level can indicate tropical cyclone motion.
A standard reference value for air pressure: Standard atmosphere (unit), a standard pressure that approximates atmospheric pressure value at sea level; Standard atmospheric pressure, other reference values; One of various static atmospheric models of how atmospheric pressure, density, and temperature vary with altitude, such as:
Typical usages are as a basis for pressure altimeter calibrations, aircraft performance calculations, aircraft and rocket design, ballistic tables, and meteorological diagrams." [1] For example, the U.S. Standard Atmosphere derives the values for air temperature, pressure, and mass density, as a function of altitude above sea level.