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Chloroplast, structure within the cells of plants and green algae that is the site of photosynthesis. Chloroplasts are a type of plastid that are distinguished by their green color, the result of specialized chlorophyll pigments. In plants, chloroplasts occur in all green tissues.
A chloroplast’s structure is complex, comprising several distinct components: Outer Membrane: The outer membrane is a semi-permeable barrier that encases the organelle. Inner Membrane: The inner membrane is located just inside the outer membrane.
Chloroplast has a structure called chlorophyll which functions by trapping the solar energy and is used for the synthesis of food in all green plants. Produces NADPH and molecular oxygen (O 2 ) by photolysis of water.
The structure of chloroplasts is similar to that of cyanobacteria; both have double membranes, circular DNA, ribosomes, and thylakoids. Most chloroplasts are believed to have come from one common ancestor that engulfed a cyanobacteria between 600-1600 million years ago.
In eukaryotes, photosynthesis takes place inside an organelle called a chloroplast. Some prokaryotes can perform photosynthesis, but they do not contain chloroplasts (or other membrane-bound organelles). In plants, chloroplast-containing cells exist in the mesophyll.
What is chloroplast and what does it do in plant cell – learn its location, parts, structure & functions of the organelle in biology described with labeled picture.
Shown here is a chloroplast inside a cell, with the outer membrane (OE) and inner membrane (IE) labeled. Other features of the cell include the nucleus (N), mitochondrion (M), and plasma membrane...
A chloroplast (/ ˈklɔːrəˌplæst, - plɑːst /) [1][2] is a type of organelle known as a plastid that conducts photosynthesis mostly in plant and algal cells. Chloroplasts have a high concentration of chlorophyll pigments which capture the energy from sunlight and convert it to chemical energy and release oxygen.
Chloroplasts are membrane-bound plastids that contain a network of membranes embedded into a liquid matrix and harbor the photosynthetic pigment called chlorophyll. It is this pigment that imparts a green color to plant parts and serves to capture light energy. Chloroplasts can be found in the cells of the mesophyll in plant leaves.
Chloroplasts in plants and algae produce food and absorb carbon dioxide through the photosynthesis process that creates carbohydrates, such as sugars and starch. The active components of the chloroplast are the thylakoids, which contain chlorophyll, and the stroma, where carbon fixation takes place.