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This is a list of chess openings, organised by the Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings (ECO) code classification system.The chess openings are categorised into five broad areas ("A" through "E"), with each of those broken up into one hundred subcategories ("00" through "99").
g. h. The starting position of chess. The opening is the initial stage of a chess game. It usually consists of established theory. The other phases are the middlegame and the endgame. [1] Many opening sequences, known as openings, have standard names such as "Sicilian Defense".
The Sicilian Defence is a chess opening that begins with the following moves: . 1. e4 c5. The Sicilian is the most popular and best-scoring response to White's first move 1.e4. The opening 1.d4 is a statistically more successful opening for White because of the high success rate of the Sicilian defence against 1.e4.
Spanish Game. Spanish Torture [colloquial] The Ruy Lopez (/ rɔɪ, ˈruːi /; Spanish: [ˈruj ˈlopeθ]), [1] also called the Spanish Opening or Spanish Game, is a chess opening characterised by the moves: 1. e4 e5. 2. Nf3 Nc6. 3. Bb5. The Ruy Lopez is named after 16th-century Spanish priest Ruy López de Segura.
The French Defence is a chess opening characterised by the moves: 1. e4 e6. This is most commonly followed by 2.d4 d5. Black usually plays ...c5 soon after, attacking White's pawn centre and gaining space on the queenside. [2]
The Réti Opening is a hypermodern chess opening whose "traditional" or "classic method" begins with the moves: [1] 1. Nf3 d5. 2. c4. White attacks Black's pawn from the flank, which may occasion 2...dxc4. White may couple this plan with a kingside fianchetto (g3 and Bg2) to create pressure on the light squares in the center.
Henry Bird. Bird's Opening (or the Dutch Attack) is a chess opening characterised by the move: 1. f4. Named after 19th century English player Henry Bird, Bird's opening is a standard flank opening. White's strategic ideas involve control of the e5-square, offering good attacking chances at the expense of slightly weakening their own kingside.
The Ponziani Opening is a chess opening that begins with the moves: 1. e4 e5. 2. Nf3 Nc6. 3. c3. It is one of the oldest chess openings, having been discussed in literature by 1497. It was advocated by Howard Staunton, generally considered the world's strongest player from 1843 to 1851, in his 1847 book The Chess-Player's Handbook.