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Failure rate. Failure rate is the frequency with which an engineered system or component fails, expressed in failures per unit of time. It is usually denoted by the Greek letter λ (lambda) and is often used in reliability engineering. The failure rate of a system usually depends on time, with the rate varying over the life cycle of the system.
Since the MTBF is the expected value of , it is given by the reciprocal of the failure rate of the system, [1] [4] =. Once the MTBF of a system is known, and assuming a constant failure rate, the probability that any one particular system will be operational for a given duration can be inferred [1] from the reliability function of the ...
Reliability engineering is a sub-discipline of systems engineering that emphasizes the ability of equipment to function without failure. Reliability is defined as the probability that a product, system, or service will perform its intended function adequately for a specified period of time, OR will operate in a defined environment without failure. [1]
Reliability may be closely related to performance. For instance, a product specification may define parameters for up-time, or acceptable failure rates. Reliability is a major contributor to brand or company image, and is considered a fundamental dimension of quality by most end-users.
Survival analysis is a branch of statistics for analyzing the expected duration of time until one event occurs, such as death in biological organisms and failure in mechanical systems. This topic is called reliability theory, reliability analysis or reliability engineering in engineering, duration analysis or duration modelling in economics ...
Annualized failure rate. Annualized failure rate (AFR) gives the estimated probability that a device or component will fail during a full year of use. It is a relation between the mean time between failure (MTBF) and the hours that a number of devices are run per year. AFR is estimated from a sample of like components—AFR and MTBF as given by ...
A reliability block diagram. An RBD is drawn as a series of blocks connected in parallel or series configuration. Parallel blocks indicate redundant subsystems or components that contribute to a lower failure rate. Each block represents a component of the system with a failure rate. RBDs will indicate the type of redundancy in the parallel path ...
Administering one form of the test to a group of individuals. At some later time, administering an alternate form of the same test to the same group of people. Correlating scores on form A with scores on form B. The correlation between scores on the two alternate forms is used to estimate the reliability of the test.