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Urinary tract infection in pediatric patients is a significant clinical issue, affecting approximately 7% of fevered infants and children. [43] If left untreated, the infection can ascend from the bladder to the kidneys, resulting in acute pyelonephritis, which leads to hypertension , kidney scarring , and end-stage kidney disease .
The first line of treatment for hypertension is lifestyle changes, including dietary changes, physical exercise, and weight loss. Although these have all been recommended in scientific advisories, [7] a Cochrane systematic review of available relevant studies found that although weigh-loss diets did reduce body weight and blood pressure, beneficial effects of those changes could not be ...
A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection that affects a part of the urinary tract. [1] Lower urinary tract infections may involve the bladder ( cystitis ) or urethra ( urethritis ) while upper urinary tract infections affect the kidney ( pyelonephritis ). [ 10 ]
Methenamine, also known as hexamine or hexamethylenetetramine and sold under the brand names Hiprex, Urex, and Urotropin among others, is a urinary tract antiseptic and antibacterial medication which is used in the prevention of recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs).
Treatment options include conservative treatment, behavioral therapy, bladder retraining, [36] pelvic floor therapy, collecting devices (for men), fixer-occluder devices for incontinence (in men), medications, and surgery. [37] Both nonpharmacological and pharmacological treatments may be effective for treating UI in non-pregnant women. [16]
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People often have the symptoms for a long time before seeking treatment and the condition is sometimes identified by caregivers. [1] Diagnosis is based on a person's signs and symptoms and requires other problems such as urinary tract infections or neurological conditions to be excluded. [2] [1] Uroflowmetry is also a good diagnostic aid. [8]
Since determining the precise cause of cystitis cystica can be difficult, treatment can be complicated. Following diagnosis confirmation, the mainstays of treatment are the elimination of aggravating factors, symptomatic management, antibiotics and chemoprophylaxis , and, in the event that non-pharmacological measures prove ineffective ...