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Cetirizine is a second-generation antihistamine used to treat allergic rhinitis (hay fever), dermatitis, and urticaria (hives). [5] It is taken by mouth. [6] Effects generally begin within thirty minutes and last for about a day. [6]
Adults and children aged six and up should take one 10 milligram tablet of Zyrtec a day, according to the company that makes the drug. ... “Zyrtec can cause drowsiness,” Dr. Brooks says ...
Barbiturates such as pentobarbital have been shown to cause paradoxical hyperactivity in an estimated 1% of children, who display symptoms similar to the hyperactive-impulsive subtype of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Intravenous caffeine administration can return these patients' behavior to baseline levels. [11]
The most common adverse effects noted for second-generation agents include drowsiness, fatigue, headache, nausea and dry mouth. [ 4 ] Continuous and/or cumulative use of anticholinergic medications, including first-generation antihistamines, is associated with higher risk for cognitive decline and dementia in older people.
Causes Narcolepsy , idiopathic hypersomnia , circadian rhythm sleep disorder , sleep apnea , others Excessive daytime sleepiness ( EDS ) is characterized by persistent sleepiness and often a general lack of energy, even during the day after apparently adequate or even prolonged nighttime sleep.
Somnolence (alternatively sleepiness or drowsiness) is a state of strong desire for sleep, or sleeping for unusually long periods (compare hypersomnia). It has distinct meanings and causes. It has distinct meanings and causes.
Doxylamine is also a potent anticholinergic, meaning that it causes delirum at high doses—i.e., at much higher doses than recommended. [8] (Specifically it is an antagonist of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptors M 1 through M 5.) These sedative and deliriant effects have in some cases led to using the drug recreationally.
Antihistamines can be very effective in controlling the symptoms of urticaria and are usually the first choice of treatment. There are two types of antihistamines: first-generation, such as diphenhydramine, which can cause drowsiness, and second-generation, such as cetirizine and loratadine, which are less likely to cause drowsiness.