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For other uses, see Rice (disambiguation). Rice plant (Oryza sativa) with branched panicles containing many grains on each stem Rice grains of different varieties at the International Rice Research Institute Rice is a cereal grain and in its domesticated form is the staple food of over half of the world's population, particularly in Asia and Africa. Rice is the seed of the grass species Oryza ...
The origin of Oryza sativa rice domestication has been a subject of much debate among those who study crop history and anthropology – whether rice originated in India or China. [40] [41] Asian rice, Oryza sativa, is one of oldest crop species. It has tens of thousands of varieties and two major subspecies, japonica and indica.
Oryza sativa, having the common name Asian cultivated rice, [2] is the much more common of the two rice species cultivated as a cereal, the other species being O. glaberrima, African rice. It was first domesticated in the Yangtze River basin in China 13,500 to 8,200 years ago.
Asian rice was domesticated 8,200–13,500 years ago in China, with a single genetic origin from the wild rice Oryza rufipogon, [7] in the Pearl River valley region of China. Rice cultivation then spread to South and Southeast Asia. [98]
Oryza glaberrima, commonly known as African rice, is one of the two domesticated rice species. [1] It was first domesticated and grown in West Africa around 3,000 years ago. [2] [3] In agriculture, it has largely been replaced by higher-yielding Asian rice (), [2] and the number of varieties grown is declining. [1]
Rice and beans, or beans and rice, is a category of dishes from many cultures around the world, whereby the staple foods of rice and beans are combined in some manner. The grain and legume combination provides several important nutrients and many calories , and both foods are widely available.
Rice was established in Arkansas in 1904, California in 1912, and the Mississippi Delta in 1942. [3] Rice cultivation in California in particular started during the California Gold Rush. It was introduced primarily for the consumption of about 40,000 Chinese laborers who were brought as immigrants to the state; only a small area was under rice ...
Short-grain glutinous rice from Japan Long-grain glutinous rice from Thailand Glutinous rice flour. Glutinous rice (Oryza sativa var. glutinosa; also called sticky rice, sweet rice or waxy rice) is a type of rice grown mainly in Southeast East Asia, the northeastern regions of India and Bhutan which has opaque grains, very low amylose content, and is especially sticky when cooked.