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In Abrahamic religions, the Sabbath (/ ˈ s æ b ə θ /) or Shabbat (from Hebrew שַׁבָּת) is a day set aside for rest and worship. According to the Book of Exodus , the Sabbath is a day of rest on the seventh day, commanded by God to be kept as a holy day of rest, as God rested from creation . [ 1 ]
Variations upon Shabbat are widespread in Judaism and, with adaptations, throughout the Abrahamic and many other religions. According to halakha (Jewish religious law), Shabbat is observed from a few minutes before the sun sets on Friday evening until the appearance of three stars in the sky on Saturday night, or an hour after sundown. [2]
In the earliest period, Jewish communal worship primarily revolved around the Temple in Jerusalem, serving as a central focal point and significant symbol for the entire Jewish nation. As such, it was the destination for Jews making pilgrimages during the three major annual festivals commanded by the Torah : Passover , Shavuot and Sukkot .
According to Jewish tradition, the Torah contains 613 commandments (Hebrew: תרי״ג מצוות, romanized: taryág mitsvót).. Although the number 613 is mentioned in the Talmud, its real significance increased in later medieval rabbinic literature, including many works listing or arranged by the mitzvot.
Yom Kippur (/ ˌ j ɒ m k ɪ ˈ p ʊər, ˌ j ɔː m ˈ k ɪ p ər, ˌ j oʊ m-/ ⓘ YOM kip-OOR, YAWM KIP-ər, YOHM-; [1] Hebrew: יוֹם כִּפּוּר Yōm Kippūr [ˈjom kiˈpuʁ], lit. ' Day of Atonement ') is the holiest day of the year in Judaism.
The ceremonial use of a bema carried over from Judaism into early Christian church architecture. It was originally a raised platform with a lectern and seats for the clergy, from which lessons from the Scriptures were read and the sermon was delivered. In Western Christianity the bema developed over time into the chancel (or presbytery) and the ...
The Imahot in rabbinic Judaism", Judaism, 44: 94– 103. Reuven Kimelman "The Messiah of the Amidah: A Study in Comparative Messianism." Journal of Biblical Literature 116 (1997) 313–320. Zev Leff Shemoneh Esrei: The Depth and Beauty of Our Daily Prayer, Targum Press, Jerusalem, 2008.
Aleinu (Hebrew: עָלֵינוּ , lit. "upon us", meaning "[it is] our duty") or Aleinu leshabei'ach (Hebrew: עָלֵינוּ לְשַׁבֵּחַ "[it is] our duty to praise []"), meaning "it is upon us" or "it is our obligation or duty" to "praise God," is a Jewish prayer found in the siddur, the classical Jewish prayerbook.