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Organophosphate poisoning is poisoning due to organophosphates (OPs). [4] Organophosphates are used as insecticides , medications, and nerve agents . [ 4 ] Symptoms include increased saliva and tear production, diarrhea , vomiting, small pupils , sweating, muscle tremors, and confusion. [ 2 ]
Organophosphate-induced delayed neuropathy (OPIDN), also called organophosphate-induced delayed polyneuropathy (OPIDP), is a neuropathy caused by killing of neurons in the central nervous system, especially in the spinal cord, as a result of acute or chronic organophosphate poisoning.
The use of organophosphates has decreased considerably since that time, having been replaced by pyrethroids and neonicotinoids, which are effective a much lower levels. [49] Reported cases of organophosphate poisoning in the US have reduced during this period. [50] [51] Regulation in the global south can be less extensive. [52] [53]
Pralidoxime is typically used in cases of organophosphate poisoning. Organophosphates such as sarin bind to the hydroxy component (the esteric site) of the active site of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme, thereby blocking its activity. Pralidoxime binds to the other half (the unblocked, anionic site) of the active site and then displaces the ...
The toxicity of sarin in humans is largely based on calculations from studies with animals. The lethal concentration of sarin in air is approximately 28–35 mg per cubic meter per minute for a two-minute exposure time by a healthy adult breathing normally (exchanging 15 liters of air per minute, lower 28 mg/m 3 value is for general population ...
VX is an extremely toxic synthetic chemical compound in the organophosphorus class, specifically, a thiophosphonate.In the class of nerve agents, it was developed for military use in chemical warfare after translation of earlier discoveries of organophosphate toxicity in pesticide research.
He died in September from food poisoning, and his death was deemed natural at the time by police, BBC reported. Forensic police director of the southern state of Rio Grande do Sul, Marguet Mittman ...
Cholinesterase reactivators are drugs that reverse the inhibition of cholinesterase by organophosphates or sulfonates. [1] They are used as antidote for treating organophosphate insecticide and nerve agent poisoning. [2] Organophosphates are used industrially in agricultural pesticides, and globally as agents of chemical warfare.