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  2. Neural stem cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_stem_cell

    Neural stem cells differentiating to astrocytes (green) and sites of growth hormone receptor shown in red. There are two basic types of stem cell: adult stem cells, which are limited in their ability to differentiate, and embryonic stem cells (ESCs), which are pluripotent and have the capability of differentiating into any cell type.

  3. Neurogenesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurogenesis

    Neurogenesis is the process by which nervous system cells, the neurons, are produced by neural stem cells (NSCs). [1] This occurs in all species of animals except the porifera (sponges) and placozoans. [2]

  4. Adult neurogenesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adult_neurogenesis

    A detailed understanding of the factors governing adult neural stem cells in vivo may ultimately lead to elegant cell therapies for neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease by mobilizing autologous endogenous neural stem cells to replace degenerated neurons. [101]

  5. Stem-cell niche - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stem-cell_niche

    Neural stem cell niches are divided in two : the Subependymal zone (SEZ) and the Subgranular zone (SGZ). The SEZ is a thin area beneath the ependymal cell layer that contains three types of neural stem cells : infrequently dividing neural stem cells (NSCs), rapidly dividing transit amplifying precursors (TaPs) and neuroblasts (NBs).

  6. PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PI3K/AKT/mTOR_pathway

    Neural stem cells (NSCs) in the brain must find a balance between maintaining their multipotency by self renewing and proliferating as opposed to differentiating and becoming quiescent. The PI3K/AKT pathway is crucial in this decision making process. NSCs are able to sense and respond to changes in the brain or throughout the organism.

  7. Endogenous regeneration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endogenous_regeneration

    Endogenous regeneration in the brain is the ability of cells to engage in the repair and regeneration process. While the brain has a limited capacity for regeneration, endogenous neural stem cells, as well as numerous pro-regenerative molecules, can participate in replacing and repairing damaged or diseased neurons and glial cells.

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