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Transcriptional repressor CTCF also known as 11-zinc finger protein or CCCTC-binding factor is a transcription factor that in humans is encoded by the CTCF gene. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] CTCF is involved in many cellular processes, including transcriptional regulation , insulator activity, V(D)J recombination [ 7 ] and regulation of chromatin architecture.
CTCF protein is known to favourably bind to unmethylated sites, so it follows that methylation of CpG islands is a point of epigenetic regulation. [2] An example of this is seen in the Igf2-H19 imprinted locus where methylation of the paternal imprinted control region (ICR) prevents CTCF from binding. [ 13 ]
Moreover, CTCF and cohesin play important roles in determining TADs and enhancer-promoter interactions. The result shows that the orientation of CTCF binding motifs in an enhancer-promoter loop should be facing to each other in order for the enhancer to find its correct target.
Topologically associating domains within chromosome territories, their borders and interactions. A topologically associating domain (TAD) is a self-interacting genomic region, meaning that DNA sequences within a TAD physically interact with each other more frequently than with sequences outside the TAD. [1]
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This process continues until the extruding complex is released or encounters a barrier. In vertebrates, one well-studied factor that limits loop extrusion by cohesin is the CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF). CTCF directly interacts with cohesin, stabilizing it on chromatin and anchoring loop boundaries.
The Tesla Cybertruck explosion and fire at the entrance of the Trump Hotel in Las Vegas Wednesday morning is being investigated as a possible terrorist act, according to a law enforcement official ...
Jennifer Aniston, 55, exercises regularly and keeps her diet in check with the 80/20 rule. The 80/20 rule involves eating healthily 80% of the time and being more lenient during the other 20%.