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When utility power returns for a minimum time, the transfer switch will transfer the house back to utility power and command the generator to turn off, after another specified amount of "cool down" time with no load on the generator. A transfer switch can be set up to provide power only to critical circuits or to entire electrical (sub)panels.
The external mains feeds the panel, but the panel cannot backfeed the generator. Backfeeding the generator should never be done, because it serves no purpose and risks damaging the generator. In generator mode, the backfeed breaker is on, accepting power from the generator into the panel, and the main breaker is off, isolating the external mains.
At that instant, the circuit breaker connecting the generator to the system may be closed and the generator will then stay in synchronism with the system. [3] An alternative technique used a similar scheme to the above except that the connections of two of the lamps were swapped either at the generator terminals or the system terminals.
The tie-in panel may also contain a phase rotation indicator (for 3-phase systems) and a circuit breaker. Camlock connectors are rated for 400 amps up to 480-volt systems and used with 4/0 type W cable connecting to the generator. Tie-in panel designs are common between 200- and 3000-amp applications.
A standby generator is a back-up electrical system that operates automatically. [1] Within seconds of a utility outage an automatic transfer switch senses the power loss, commands the generator to start and then transfers the electrical load to the generator. The standby generator begins supplying power to the circuits. [2]
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