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Lithium orotate (C 5 H 3 LiN 2 O 4) is a salt of orotic acid and lithium.It is available as the monohydrate, LiC 5 H 3 N 2 O 4 ·H 2 O. [1] In this compound, lithium is non-covalently bound to an orotate ion, rather than to a carbonate or other ion, and like other salts, dissolves in solution to produce free lithium ions.
Lithium is a teratogen, which can cause birth defects in a small number of newborns. Case reports and several retrospective studies have demonstrated possible increases in the rate of a congenital heart defects including Ebstein's anomaly if taken during pregnancy. Teratogenicity is affected by trimester and dose of Lithium.
Lithium Lithium is the "classic" mood stabilizer, the first to be approved by the US FDA, and still popular in treatment. Therapeutic drug monitoring is required to ensure lithium levels remain in the therapeutic range: 0.6 to 0.8 or 0.8–1.2 mEq/L (or millimolar).
A single dose of MM120 (lysergide d-tartrate) led to a 48% rate of remission from generalized anxiety disorder at 12 weeks following the drug’s administration, according to MindMed.
ALTO-100, previously known as NSI-189 (NeuralStem Inc. 189), [3] is a drug described as a hippocampal neurogenesis stimulant and indirect brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) modulator which is under development for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
Orotic acid is a Bronsted acid and its conjugate base, the orotate anion, is able to bind to metals. Lithium orotate, for example, has been investigated for use in treating alcoholism, [4] [5] and complexes of cobalt, manganese, nickel, and zinc are known. [6]
Use during pregnancy is of unclear safety. [13] [14] Lurasidone was first approved for medical use in the United States in 2010. [2] In 2013, it was approved in Canada and by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat bipolar depression, either as monotherapy or adjunctively with lithium or valproate.
[83] [85] [86] Higher doses of antidepressants seem to be more likely to produce emotional blunting than lower doses. [83] It can be decreased by reducing dosage, discontinuing the medication, or switching to a different antidepressant that may have less propensity for causing this side effect.