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Prickles on a blackberry branch. In plant morphology, thorns, spines, and prickles, and in general spinose structures (sometimes called spinose teeth or spinose apical processes), are hard, rigid extensions or modifications of leaves, roots, stems, or buds with sharp, stiff ends, and generally serve the same function: physically defending plants against herbivory.
The flowers have five petal-like sepals surrounding a ring of small, cup-like nectaries which are actually petals modified to hold nectar. The sepals do not fall as petals would, but remain on the plant, sometimes for many months. The persistence of the sepals may contribute to the development of the seeds. [8]
Various folk cultures and traditions assign symbolic meanings to plants. Although these are no longer commonly understood by populations that are increasingly divorced from their rural traditions, some meanings survive. In addition, these meanings are alluded to in older pictures, songs and writings.
Elaeagnus angustifolia, commonly called Russian olive, [2] silver berry, [3] oleaster, [3] or wild olive, [3] is a species of Elaeagnus, native to Asia and limited areas of eastern Europe. It is widely established in North America as an introduced species .
Elaeagnus pungens is a species of flowering plant in the family Elaeagnaceae, known by the common names thorny olive, [1] spiny oleaster [2] and silverthorn; also by the family name "oleaster". It is native to Asia, including China and Japan.
The vivid red, semi-double Rosa gallica was "the ancestor of all the roses of medieval Europe". [1] Various folk cultures and traditions assign symbolic meaning to the rose, though these are seldom understood in-depth. Examples of deeper meanings lie within the language of flowers, and how a rose may have a different meaning in arrangements ...
Elaeagnus umbellata is known as Japanese silverberry, [2] umbellata oleaster, [3] autumn olive, [2] [4] autumn elaeagnus, [4] spreading oleaster, [4] autumnberry, or autumn berry. The species is indigenous to eastern Asia and ranges from the Himalayas eastwards to Japan .
Oleaceae, also known as the olive family or sometimes the lilac family, is a taxonomic family of flowering shrubs, trees, and a few lianas in the order Lamiales. [1] It presently comprises 28 genera, one of which is recently extinct. [2] The extant genera include Cartrema, which was resurrected in 2012. [3]