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Over a hundred of the 224 drugs mentioned in the Huangdi Neijing – an early Chinese medical text – are herbs. [11] Herbs also commonly featured in the medicine of ancient India, where the principal treatment for diseases was diet. [12] A sample of raw opium. Opioids are among the world's oldest known drugs.
An antiseptic (Greek: ἀντί, romanized: anti, lit. 'against' [ 1 ] and σηπτικός , sēptikos , 'putrefactive' [ 2 ] ) is an antimicrobial substance or compound that is applied to living tissue to reduce the possibility of sepsis , infection , or putrefaction .
Antimicrobial use has been common practice for at least 2000 years. Ancient Egyptians and ancient Greeks used specific molds and plant extracts to treat infection. [5]In the 19th century, microbiologists such as Louis Pasteur and Jules Francois Joubert observed antagonism between some bacteria and discussed the merits of controlling these interactions in medicine. [6]
The following is a list of antibiotics. The highest division between antibiotics is bactericidal and bacteriostatic . Bactericidals kill bacteria directly, whereas bacteriostatics prevent them from dividing.
Alcohol has been used as an antiseptic as early as 1363, with evidence to support its use becoming available in the late 1800s. [ 32 ] At times and places of poor public sanitation (such as medieval Europe ), the consumption of alcoholic drinks was a way of avoiding water-borne diseases such as cholera .
The years show when a given drug was released onto the pharmaceutical market. This is not a timeline of the development of the antibiotics themselves. 1911 – Arsphenamine , also Salvarsan [ 1 ]
Iodine is a chemical element with many uses in medicine, depending on the form. Elemental iodine and iodophors are topical antiseptics. [2] Iodine, in non-elemental form, functions as an essential nutrient in human biology (see iodine in biology). [3] Organic compounds containing iodine are also useful iodinated contrast agents in X-ray imaging ...
Later, on 9 August 1867, he read a paper before the British Medical Association in Dublin, on the Antiseptic Principle of the Practice of Surgery, which was reprinted in the British Medical Journal. [ 56 ] [ 57 ] [ 58 ] His work was groundbreaking and laid the foundations for a rapid advance in infection control that saw modern antiseptic ...