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Shrinkage then introduces residual stresses and distortion. Distortion can pose a major problem since the final product is not the desired shape. To alleviate certain types of distortion, the workpieces can be offset so that after welding, the product is the correct shape. [19] The following pictures describe various types of welding distortion ...
Rate-distortion optimization (RDO) is a method of improving video quality in video compression. The name refers to the optimization of the amount of distortion (loss of video quality) against the amount of data required to encode the video, the rate. While it is primarily used by video encoders, rate-distortion optimization can be used to ...
Welding slag is a form of slag, or vitreous material produced as a byproduct of some arc welding processes, most specifically shielded metal arc welding (also known as stick welding), submerged arc welding, and flux-cored arc welding.
In the 1930s metallurgists Albert Portevin and D. Seferian attempted to experimentally determine heat transfer characteristics in welding. [1] They correlated the effects of several factors—material properties, welding process, and part dimensions—on temperature distribution, by performing oxyacetylene (gas) and covered electrode (arc) welds on plates and bars of various profiles, and ...
Dye penetrant inspection (DP), also called liquid penetrate inspection (LPI) or penetrant testing (PT), is a widely applied and low-cost inspection method used to check surface-breaking defects in all non-porous materials (metals, plastics, or ceramics).
In oxy-fuel welding, a welding torch is used to weld metals. Welding metal results when two pieces are heated to a temperature that produces a shared pool of molten metal. The molten pool is generally supplied with additional metal called filler. Filler material selection depends upon the metals to be welded.
Post weld heat treatment (PWHT) is a controlled process in which a material that has been welded is reheated to a temperature below its lower critical transformation temperature, and then it is held at that temperature for a specified amount of time. [1]
A submerged arc welder used for training Close-up view of the control panel A schematic of submerged arc welding Pieces of slag from submerged arc welding exhibiting glassy surface due to silica (SiO 2). Submerged arc welding (SAW) is a common arc welding process. The first SAW patent was taken out in 1935.