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Artificial satellites and space probes in the 1950s Year Date Origin Name Launch vehicle Status Description Mass 1957 October 4 Soviet Union: Sputnik 1: Sputnik-PS: Success: The first human-made object to orbit Earth. 83.6 kg (183.9 lb) November 3 Soviet Union: Sputnik 2: Sputnik-PS: Success: The first satellite to carry a living animal, a dog ...
Galileo [9] [10] discovered the Galilean moons. These satellites were the first celestial objects that were confirmed to orbit an object other than the Sun or Earth. Galileo saw Io and Europa as a single point of light on 7 January 1610; they were seen as separate bodies the following night. [11] Callisto: Jupiter IV o: 8 January 1610 p: 13 ...
Space probes are satellites designed for robotic space exploration outside of Earth, and space stations are in essence crewed satellites. The first artificial satellite launched into the Earth's orbit was the Soviet Union's Sputnik 1, on October 4, 1957. As of December 31, 2022, there are 6,718 operational satellites in the Earth's orbit, of ...
First human-piloted space flight (Alan Shepard). First human-crewed suborbital flight. USA Freedom 7: 19 May 1961: First planetary flyby (within 100,000 km of Venus – no data returned). USSR Venera 1: 6 August 1961: First crewed space flight lasting over twenty four hours by Gherman Titov, who is also the first to suffer from space sickness ...
The first artificial object sent into space was the Soviet satellite Sputnik 1, launched on 4 October 1957, which successfully orbited Earth until 4 January the following year. [65] The American probe Explorer 6, launched in 1959, was the first satellite to image Earth from space.
Satellite First Launched Polity Sputnik 1: First satellite with radio transmitter [1] October 4, 1957 Soviet Union: Project SCORE: First communications satellite [1] First test of a space communications relay system First (recorded) voice transmission (U.S. President Dwight Eisenhower) December 18, 1958 United States: TIROS-1
Sputnik 1 (/ ˈ s p ʌ t n ɪ k, ˈ s p ʊ t n ɪ k /, Russian: Спутник-1, Satellite 1), sometimes referred to as simply Sputnik, was the first artificial Earth satellite.It was launched into an elliptical low Earth orbit by the Soviet Union on 4 October 1957 as part of the Soviet space program.
The Soviet Union took the lead in the post-war Space Race, launching the first satellite, [1] the first animal, [2]: 155 the first human [3] and the first woman [4] into orbit. The United States landed the first men on the Moon in 1969.