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One way to classify composite numbers is by counting the number of prime factors. A composite number with two prime factors is a semiprime or 2-almost prime (the factors need not be distinct, hence squares of primes are included). A composite number with three distinct prime factors is a sphenic number. In some applications, it is necessary to ...
Prime ideals, which generalize prime elements in the sense that the principal ideal generated by a prime element is a prime ideal, are an important tool and object of study in commutative algebra, algebraic number theory and algebraic geometry.
Prime number: A positive integer with exactly two positive divisors: itself and 1. The primes form an infinite sequence 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, ... Composite number: A positive integer that can be factored into a product of smaller positive integers. Every integer greater than one is either prime or composite.
A cluster prime is a prime p such that every even natural number k ≤ p − 3 is the difference of two primes not exceeding p. 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, ... (OEIS: A038134) All odd primes between 3 and 89, inclusive, are cluster primes. The first 10 primes that are not cluster primes are: 2, 97, 127, 149, 191, 211, 223, 227, 229, 251.
Hence, for a highly composite number n, the k given prime numbers p i must be precisely the first k prime numbers (2, 3, 5, ...); if not, we could replace one of the given primes by a smaller prime, and thus obtain a smaller number than n with the same number of divisors (for instance 10 = 2 × 5 may be replaced with 6 = 2 × 3; both have four ...
Otherwise, let p now equal this new number (which is the next prime), and repeat from step 3. When the algorithm terminates, the numbers remaining not marked in the list are all the primes below n. The main idea here is that every value given to p will be prime, because if it were composite it would be marked as a multiple of some other ...
The prime constant is the real number whose th binary digit is 1 if is prime and 0 if is composite or 1. [ 1 ] In other words, ρ {\displaystyle \rho } is the number whose binary expansion corresponds to the indicator function of the set of prime numbers .
A theorem states that n is prime if and only if all such functions p n are algebra endomorphisms. In-between these two conditions lies the definition of Carmichael number of order m for any positive integer m as any composite number n such that p n is an endomorphism on every Z n-algebra that can be generated as Z n-module by m elements ...