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Various schools of Hinduism also explain the concept as presence of the state of paripurna-brahmanubhava (the experience of oneness with Brahman, the One Supreme Self), a state of knowledge, peace and bliss. [17] For example, Vivekachudamani – an ancient book on moksha, explains one of many meditative steps on the path to moksha, as:
The systematic presentation of Hindu monotheism as divided into these four paths or "Yogas" is modern, advocated by Swami Vivekananda from the 1890s in his book Raja Yoga. [3] [4] They are presented as four paths to God suitable for four human temperaments, viz. the active, the emotional, the philosophical and the mystic. [5]
In summary, the second chapter of the Bhagavad Gita, Samkhya Yoga, is a profound discourse on the nature of the self, the importance of selfless action, and the path to spiritual enlightenment. Krishna teaches Arjuna to transcend the dualities of life, cultivate detachment, and embrace a disciplined and balanced approach to challenges.
Advaita Vedanta is a Hindu sādhanā, a path of spiritual discipline and experience, [note 3] and states that moksha (liberation from 'suffering' and rebirth) [9] [10] is attained through knowledge of Brahman, recognizing the illusoriness of the phenomenal world and disidentification from the body-mind complex and the notion of 'doership ...
In Hinduism, it is knowledge which gives Moksha, or spiritual liberation while alive or after death (videhamukti). [5] Jñāna yoga is the path towards attaining jnana . It is one of the three classical types of yoga mentioned in Hindu philosophies, the other two being karma yoga and bhakti . [ 5 ]
Bronze statue representing the discourse of Bhagavan Krishna and Arjuna, in Kurukshetra. Karma yoga (Sanskrit: कर्म योग), also called Karma marga, is one of the three classical spiritual paths mentioned in the Bhagavad Gita, one based on the "yoga of action", [1] the others being Jnana yoga (path of knowledge) and Bhakti yoga (path of loving devotion to a personal god).
Traditionally in some Hindu and Buddhist traditions in order to embark on a specific path of sādhanā, a guru may be required to give the necessary instructions. This approach is typified by some Tantric traditions, in which initiation by a guru is sometimes identified as a specific stage of sādhanā. [ 9 ]
In Hindu philosophy, it is the union of or the realization of the identity of Atman with Brahman, depending on the Hindu tradition. [ 11 ] [ 12 ] [ 13 ] In Jainism , nirvana is also the soteriological goal, representing the release of a soul from karmic bondage and samsara. [ 14 ]