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Pigeon fever is a disease of horses, also known as dryland distemper or equine distemper, caused by the Gram-positive bacterium Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis biovar equi. [1] Infected horses commonly have swelling in the chest area, making it look similar to a "pigeon chest".
Infected horses founder usually within three days of the initial symptoms, thought to be secondary to endotoxemia. [1] Death may occur and is usually due to severe laminitis leading to founder. [1] Horses may not always display any other symptoms beyond a fever. [1]
Strangles (also called equine distemper) is a contagious upper respiratory tract infection of horses and other equines caused by a Gram-positive bacterium, Streptococcus equi. [1] As a result, the lymph nodes swell, compressing the pharynx , larynx , and trachea , and can cause airway obstruction leading to death, hence the name strangles. [ 2 ]
It is the most important viral cause of respiratory infection in foals. [2] Like other herpes viruses, EHV-4 causes a lifelong latent infection in affected animals. These horses are usually the source for new infection for foals over two months old, weanlings, and yearlings. Symptoms include fever, loss of appetite, and discharge from the nose.
Following infection, the first sign is fever, [7] peaking at 41 °C (106 °F), [8] followed by various signs such as lethargy, [7] nasal discharge, [8] "pink eye" (conjunctivitis), [7] swelling over the eye (supraorbital edema), [7] urticaria, [4] and swelling of the limbs and under the belly (the ventral abdomen) which may extend to the udder ...
In horses, which are most commonly infected, this bacterium causes an upper respiratory tract infection (along with the other symptoms). This infection causes a highly contagious and deadly disease in horses. This will be caused by spreading of nasal discharge or lymph nodes in feed troughs, bedding, etc. [12]
The signs that occur with EHV-1 and the EHM strain may include the following: decreased coordination, urine dribbling, fever, hind limb weakness, leaning against things to maintain balance, and lethargy. [5].Some horses may be asymptomatic upon infection increasing the difficulty in controlling the spread of the virus.
Potomac horse fever is currently endemic in the United States but has also been reported with lower frequency in other regions, including Canada, Brazil, Uruguay, and Europe. [4] PHF is a condition that is clinically important for horses since it can cause serious signs such as fever, diarrhea, colic, and laminitis. [5]