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Plastoquinone (PQ) is a terpenoid-quinone (meroterpenoid) molecule involved in the electron transport chain in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. The most common form of plastoquinone, known as PQ-A or PQ-9, is a 2,3-dimethyl-1,4- benzoquinone molecule with a side chain of nine isoprenyl units.
Coenzyme Q 10 (CoQ 10 / ˌ k oʊ k j uː ˈ t ɛ n /), also known as ubiquinone, is a naturally occurring biochemical cofactor (coenzyme) and an antioxidant produced by the human body. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It can also be obtained from dietary sources, such as meat, fish, seed oils, vegetables, and dietary supplements .
In the early 2000s, a group of researchers led by prof V. P. Skulachev in Moscow State University began the development of SkQ — the mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant, similar to MitoQ, but with the ubiquinone replaced with plastoquinone (more active analog of ubiquinone derived from plant chloroplasts). [9]
Ubiquinone-10 is a naturally occurring 1,4-benzoquinone involved in respiration apparatus. Plastoquinone is a redox relay involved in photosynthesis. Pyrroloquinoline quinone is another biological redox cofactor. Ubiquinones, as their name implies, are ubiquitous in living creatures, being components of respiratory apparatus.
In the United States, anti-aging products are commonly marketed with false health claims, and are deemed to be among various scams on consumers. [3] [4] Since 2007, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued dozens of warning letters to manufacturers of skin care products with false marketing – including supposed anti-aging effects – about the benefits of such products, which are ...
67914 Ensembl ENSG00000088682 ENSMUSG00000031782 UniProt O75208 Q8K1Z0 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_020312 NM_026452 RefSeq (protein) NP_064708 NP_080728 Location (UCSC) Chr 16: 57.45 – 57.46 Mb Chr 8: 95.56 – 95.58 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Ubiquinone biosynthesis protein COQ9, mitochondrial, also known as coenzyme Q9 homolog (COQ9), is a protein that in humans is ...