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  2. Le calife de Bagdad - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_calife_de_Bagdad

    Le calife de Bagdad (The Caliph of Baghdad) is an opéra comique in one act by the French composer François-Adrien Boieldieu with a libretto by Claude Godard d'Aucourt de Saint-Just. Dedicated to the landscape painter Bidauld it was first performed at the Opéra-Comique, Paris, on 16 September 1800 and soon became highly popular throughout Europe.

  3. Bab al-Talsim - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bab_al-Talsim

    During the late Abbasid Era, the 28th Caliph, al-Mustazhir (r. 1094–1118 CE), built a new wall around the eastern side of Baghdad to protect it from invading armies and Bedouin raids. Along with the wall came several gates, one of which was the Bab al-Talsim, then known as Bab al-Halba. Which would be fully completed by Caliph al-Mustarshid (r.

  4. Abbasid Caliphate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbasid_Caliphate

    Coin of the Abbasids, Baghdad, 1244. Caliph al-Mustarshid (r. 1118–1135) was the first caliph to build an army and to lead it in battle since the 10th century. [83] He recruited Kurdish and Arab Bedouin tribes and re-fortified Baghdad. His first concern was not the Seljuks but the Mazyadids of Hilla in central Iraq, whom he met in battle in ...

  5. List of Abbasid caliphs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Abbasid_caliphs

    Founder of Mamluk Caliphate under Mamluk ruler Baybars's auspices. Abbasid descent disputed; installed as caliph by ruler of Aleppo, Aqqush al-Burli, in 1261, proclaimed as caliph by Baybars after al-Mustansir II died. Fall of the Almohad Caliphate in 1269. 3 20 January 1302 – February 1340 al-Mustakfī bi-llāh I: Abū ar-Rabīʾ Sulaymān ...

  6. Al-Muqtafi - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Muqtafi

    Abu Abdallah Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Mustazhir (Arabic: أبو عبد الله محمد بن أحمد المستظهر; 9 April 1096 – 12 March 1160), better known by his regnal name al-Muqtafi li-Amr Allah (المقتفي لأمر الله), [1] was the Abbasid caliph in Baghdad from 1136 to 1160, succeeding his nephew al-Rashid, who had been forced to abdicate by the Seljuks.

  7. List of caliphs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_caliphs

    A caliph is the supreme religious and political leader of an Islamic state known as the caliphate. [1] [2] Caliphs (also known as 'Khalifas') led the Muslim Ummah as political successors to the Islamic prophet Muhammad, [3] and widely-recognised caliphates have existed in various forms for most of Islamic history.

  8. al-Qahir - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Qahir

    He was first chosen as Caliph in March 929, [1] when Mu'nis launched a coup and deposed al-Muqtadir. Although al-Muqtadir was restored after a few days, Mu'nis now possessed virtually dictatorial authority over the Abbasid government. [5] [4] In 932, after another breach with al-Muqtadir, Mu'nis marched on Baghdad. Al-Muqtadir tried to confront ...

  9. Al-Muqtadi - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Muqtadi

    Abū'l-Qasim ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muhammad ibn al-Qa'im (Arabic: أبو القاسم عبد الله بن محمد بن القائم) better known by his regnal name al-Muqtadi (Arabic: المقتدي 'the follower'; 1056 – February 1094) was the Abbasid caliph in Baghdad from 1075 to 1094.