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Phosphoric acid (orthophosphoric acid, monophosphoric acid or phosphoric(V) acid) is a colorless, odorless phosphorus-containing solid, and inorganic compound with the chemical formula H 3 P O 4. It is commonly encountered as an 85% aqueous solution , which is a colourless, odourless, and non- volatile syrupy liquid.
A general formula for such cyclic compounds is [HPO 3] x where x = number of phosphoric units in the molecule. When metaphosphoric acids lose their hydrogens as H +, cyclic anions called metaphosphates are formed. An example of a compound with such an anion is sodium hexametaphosphate (Na 6 P 6 O 18), used as a sequestrant and a food additive.
It is a colorless low-melting compound, which is soluble in water, dioxane and alcohols. The formula for this acid is generally written H 3 PO 2, but a more descriptive presentation is HOP(O)H 2, which highlights its monoprotic character. Salts derived from this acid are called hypophosphites. [3]
In chemistry, a phosphate is an anion, salt, functional group or ester derived from a phosphoric acid.It most commonly means orthophosphate, a derivative of orthophosphoric acid, a.k.a. phosphoric acid H 3 PO 4.
Ammonium phosphate is the inorganic compound with the formula (NH 4) 3 PO 4. It is the ammonium salt of orthophosphoric acid. A related "double salt", (NH 4) 3 PO 4. (NH 4) 2 HPO 4 is also recognized but is impractical to use. Both triammonium salts evolve ammonia.
The tetrasodium salt Na 4 P 2 O 6 ·10H 2 O crystallises at pH 10 and the disodium salt, Na 2 H 2 PO 6 ·6H 2 O at pH 5.2. [1] The disodium salt can be passed through an ion exchange column to form the acid dihydrate, H 4 P 2 O 6 ·2H 2 O. [2] The anhydrous acid can be formed by vacuum dehydration over P 4 O 10 or by the reaction of H 2 S on ...
This reaction is used for laboratory-scale preparations of PH 3. Phosphorous acid slowly oxidizes in air to phosphoric acid. [5] Both phosphorous acid and its deprotonated forms are good reducing agents, although not necessarily quick to react. They are oxidized to phosphoric acid or its salts. It reduces solutions of noble metal cations to the ...
The anhydrous salt is especially basic. [5] Some of the reactions are listed below: The hydrate (K 3 PO 4 ·H 2 O) has been used to catalyze the deprotection of BOC amines. Microwave radiation is used to aid the reaction. [6] As a catalyst for the synthesis of unsymmetrical diaryl ethers using [Bmim]BF 4 as the solvent.