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  2. Tooth discoloration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tooth_discoloration

    Light hitting a tooth undergoes reflection, absorption and transmission by varying degrees in each tissue layer of the tooth substance. [4] Reflected light detected by the human eye determines the perceived appearance of a tooth. [4] Teeth have a thin enamel layer on the outer surface.

  3. Tooth decay - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tooth_decay

    Dental cavity, also known as tooth decay, [a] is the breakdown of teeth due to acids produced by bacteria. [6] The resulting cavities may be a number of different colors, from yellow to black. [ 1 ] Symptoms may include pain and difficulty eating.

  4. Mouth assessment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mouth_Assessment

    Tooth condition indicates a person's general health. [2] Teeth should be clean with no decay, white with shiny enamel and smooth surfaces and edges. Adults should have a total of 32 teeth (16 teeth in each arch). By the age of 2 + 1 ⁄ 2, children have a total of 20 deciduous teeth (10 in each arch). Abnormal findings are missing, loose ...

  5. Streptococcus mutans - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streptococcus_mutans

    This is significant in the formation of dental caries because increased acidity in the oral cavity amplifies the rate of demineralization of the tooth, which leads to carious lesions. [73] It is thought that the trait evolved in S. mutans via lateral gene transfer with another bacterial species present in the oral cavity.

  6. Tooth pathology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tooth_pathology

    Tooth pathology is any condition of the teeth that can be congenital or acquired. Sometimes a congenital tooth disease is called a tooth abnormality.These are among the most common diseases in humans [1] The prevention, diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of these diseases are the base to the dentistry profession, in which are dentists and dental hygienists, and its sub-specialties, such ...

  7. Enamel hypoplasia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enamel_hypoplasia

    Turner's hypoplasia or Turner's tooth is a presentation of enamel hypoplasia that normally affects only a single tooth. Its causes can be the same as other forms of enamel hypoplasia, but it is most commonly associated with trauma to a primary maxillary central incisor and the subsequent developmental disturbance of the underlying permanent ...

  8. Dental fluorosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dental_fluorosis

    The two main classification systems are described below. Others include the tooth surface fluorosis index (Horowitz et al. 1984), which combines Deans index and the TF index; and the fluorosis risk index (Pendrys 1990), which is intended to define the time at which fluoride exposure occurs, and relates fluorosis risk with tooth development stage.

  9. Non-carious cervical lesions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-carious_cervical_lesions

    Non-carious cervical lesions on an incisor belonging to Australopithecus africanus. Arrows show the location of the lesions. Non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) are a group of lesions that are characterised by a loss of hard dental tissue at the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) region at the neck of the tooth, without the action of microorganisms or inflammatory processes. [1]