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Icing conditions exist when the air contains droplets of supercooled water. They freeze on contact with a potential nucleation site, which in this case is the parts of the aircraft, causing icing. Icing conditions are characterized quantitatively by the average droplet size, the liquid water content and the air temperature.
In December 2008, the NTSB issued a safety bulletin about the danger of keeping the autopilot engaged during icing conditions. Flying the plane manually was essential to ensure that pilots would be able to detect changes in the handling characteristics of the airplane, which are warning signs of ice accumulation. [54] [55] [56]
There was no verbal inquiry by the captain about the status of the icing conditions or the aircraft deice/anti-icing systems. At 15:55:42, the first officer commented, "we still got ice." This comment was not verbally acknowledged by the captain. The CVR indicated that the flightcrew had no further discussions regarding the icing conditions.
Aircraft icing increases weight and drag, decreases lift, and can decrease thrust. Ice reduces engine power by blocking air intakes. When ice builds up by freezing upon impact or freezing as runoff, it changes the aerodynamics of the surface by modifying the shape and the smoothness of the surface which increases drag, and decreases wing lift ...
With icing conditions persisting, the crew initiated a descent to FL140 (14,000 feet (4,300 m)), but during the following 7 minutes, icing conditions significantly worsened. Control of the aircraft was lost shortly after, and the Saab 340 impacted the ground in a remote region of the Río Negro Province , between the villages of Los Menucos and ...
Icing conditions can be particularly dangerous to aircraft, as the built-up ice changes the aerodynamics of the flight surfaces and airframe and results in structural icing, which can increase the risk of a stall and potentially accidents. There are three types of structural icing: rime icing, clear (or glaze) icing, and mixed icing.
The aircraft experienced severe icing while taxiing and stalled immediately after takeoff, crashing into the 14th Street Bridge, killing 4 on the bridge and all but 5 aboard the aircraft. Primary blame was placed on the crew's improper responses to the icing conditions. June 20, 1980 13 2 2 Air Wisconsin Flight 965: near Valley: Nebraska
Fluid based aircraft de-icing vehicle. In most cases ground-based deicing is accomplished by spraying the aircraft with an aircraft deicing fluid just prior to departure. For commercial aircraft this fluid is usually applied to contaminated surfaces using a specially designed machine. For smaller aircraft a handheld spray applicator may suffice.