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In fact, if the equation is reducible, one of the factors must have degree one, and thus have the form , with q and p being coprime integers. The rational root test allows finding q and p by examining a finite number of cases (because q must be a divisor of a , and p must be a divisor of d ).
A cubic function with real coefficients has either one or three real roots (which may not be distinct); [1] all odd-degree polynomials with real coefficients have at least one real root. The graph of a cubic function always has a single inflection point. It may have two critical points, a local minimum and a local maximum.
The following names are assigned to polynomials according to their degree: [2] [3] [4] Special case – zero (see § Degree of the zero polynomial, below) Degree 0 – non-zero constant [5] Degree 1 – linear; Degree 2 – quadratic; Degree 3 – cubic; Degree 4 – quartic (or, if all terms have even degree, biquadratic) Degree 5 – quintic
In mathematics and computer science, Horner's method (or Horner's scheme) is an algorithm for polynomial evaluation.Although named after William George Horner, this method is much older, as it has been attributed to Joseph-Louis Lagrange by Horner himself, and can be traced back many hundreds of years to Chinese and Persian mathematicians. [1]
It consists of three terms: the first is degree two, the second is degree one, and the third is degree zero. Polynomials of small degree have been given specific names. A polynomial of degree zero is a constant polynomial, or simply a constant. Polynomials of degree one, two or three are respectively linear polynomials, quadratic polynomials ...
Since every polynomial with complex coefficients can be factored into 1st-degree factors (that is one way of stating the fundamental theorem of algebra), it follows that every polynomial with real coefficients can be factored into factors of degree no higher than 2: just 1st-degree and quadratic factors.
Therefore, if a second degree integer polynomial factor exists, it must take one of the values p(0) = 1, 2, −1, or −2. and likewise for p(1). There are eight factorizations of 6 (four each for 1×6 and 2×3), making a total of 4×4×8 = 128 possible triples (p(0), p(1), p(−1)), of which half can be discarded as the negatives of the other ...
In other words, Laguerre's method can be used to numerically solve the equation p(x) = 0 for a given polynomial p(x). One of the most useful properties of this method is that it is, from extensive empirical study, very close to being a "sure-fire" method, meaning that it is almost guaranteed to always converge to some root of the polynomial, no ...