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E, or e, is the fifth letter and the second vowel letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is e (pronounced / ˈ iː / ); plural es , Es , or E's .
This chart provides audio examples for phonetic vowel symbols. The symbols shown include those in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) and added material. The chart is based on the official IPA vowel chart.
Thus, two vowels transcribed for easy legibility as [e] and [ɛ] may be clarified as actually being e̝ and e ; [ð] may be more precisely ð̠̞ˠ . [24] Double brackets may also be used for a specific token or speaker; for example, the pronunciation of a particular child as opposed to the adult pronunciation that is their target. [25]
Transliteration of Greek long α . E [ɛ] As e in pet when short. Transliteration of Greek ε . [eː] Similar to ey in they when long. Transliteration of Greek η , and ει in some cases. I [ɪ] As i in sit when short. Transliteration of short Greek ι . [iː] Similar to i in machine when long.
The following is the chart of the International Phonetic Alphabet, a standardized system of phonetic symbols devised and maintained by the International Phonetic Association.
The long and short versions of each vowel were probably pronounced with the same quality, although some reconstructions assume accompanying qualitative distinctions. [107] [108] [37] Short e i y o u are sometimes transcribed as "lax" [ɛ ɪ ʏ ɔ ʊ], [37] in contrast to "tense" [eː iː yː oː uː] for long ē ī ȳ ō ū. [109]
The restriction to the "long e" sound is explicitly made in the 1855 and 1862 books, and applied to the "I before E except after C" rhyme in an 1871 manual. [14] Mark Wainwright's FAQ posting on the alt.usage.English newsgroup characterises this restricted version as British. [ 15 ]
Spectrogram of [e]. The close-mid front unrounded vowel, or high-mid front unrounded vowel, [1] is a type of vowel sound, used in some spoken languages.The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is e .