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The inclusion of linoleic acid as well as vitamin A into senior dog diets helps to improve or maintain the skin and coat of senior dogs. Immune system health is important to maintain in older dogs to prevent the development of various diseases. By including omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, vitamin E, β-carotene as well as pre- and pro-biotics ...
A deficiency in vitamin A can lead to scaly of skin and other dermatitis-related issues like alopecia. [23] Vitamin E is an antioxidant. [24] Vitamin E neutralizes free radicals that accumulate in highly proliferative cells like skin and prevent the deterioration of fibrous tissue caused by these ionized molecules. [25] There are also a couple ...
When looking for a senior dog food, one of the first things that should be taken into consideration is the energy content of the diet. The maintenance energy requirements decrease as a dog ages due to the loss in lean body mass that occurs. [63] Therefore, senior dogs will require a diet with a lowered energy content compared to non senior diets.
Skin disturbances (e.g. dryness, itching, cracking of skin, rashes, increased sensitivity to sun) Changes of hair texture (e.g. thickening and/or clumping of hair) Appetite loss; Constipation (associated with iron or calcium overdose) Nausea and vomiting; Diarrhoea; Moderate weight loss (more commonly seen in long-term overdose cases)
During growth, young dogs are more susceptible to infection, but the addition of proper levels of vitamin E to the diet reduces free radical oxidative damage and leads to an increase in immunity. Calcium and phosphorus, in the appropriate amounts and ratio, aid in proper bone and cartilage growth and maturation.
Vitamin E deficiency is a rare condition caused by low levels of vitamin E that may result from malabsorption disorders (such as abetalipoproteinemia, cystic fibrosis, or Crohn's disease), or impaired lipid transport.