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When renal blood flow is reduced, juxtaglomerular cells in the kidneys convert the precursor prorenin (already present in the blood) into renin and secrete it directly into the circulation. Plasma renin then carries out the conversion of angiotensinogen, released by the liver, to a decapeptide called angiotensin I, which has no biological ...
Renin (etymology and pronunciation), also known as an angiotensinogenase, is an aspartic protease protein and enzyme secreted by the kidneys that participates in the body's renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS)—also known as the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis—that increases the volume of extracellular fluid (blood plasma, lymph, and interstitial fluid) and causes arterial ...
The renin receptor binds renin and prorenin.Binding of renin to this receptor induces the conversion of angiotensinogen to angiotensin I. [8]This protein is associated with proton-translocating ATPases which have fundamental roles in energy conservation, secondary active transport, acidification of intracellular compartments, and cellular pH homeostasis.
Angiotensinogen is also known as renin substrate. It is cleaved at the N-terminus by renin to result in angiotensin I, which will later be modified to become angiotensin II. [8] [10] This peptide is 485 amino acids long, and 10 N-terminus amino acids are cleaved when renin acts on it. [8] The first 12 amino acids are the most important for ...
Fig 2. Renin angiotensin pathway. Blood pressure and fluid and electrolyte homeostasis is regulated by the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system. [1] Renin, an enzyme released from the kidneys, converts the inactive plasma protein angiotensinogen into angiotensin I (Ang I).
Prorenin (/ p r ə ˈ r iː n ɪ n / [1]) is a protein that constitutes a precursor for renin, [2] the hormone that activates the renin–angiotensin system, which serves to raise blood pressure. Prorenin is converted into renin by the juxtaglomerular cells, which are specialised smooth muscle cells present mainly in the afferent, but also the ...
In the kidney, the macula densa is an area of closely packed specialized cells lining the wall of the distal tubule where it touches the glomerulus.Specifically, the macula densa is found in the terminal portion of the distal straight tubule (thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle), after which the distal convoluted tubule begins.
One cause of this can be increased renin production due to narrowing of the renal artery, or a juxtaglomerular cell tumor that produces renin. These will lead to secondary hyperaldosteronism, which will cause hypertension, high blood sodium, low blood potassium, and metabolic alkalosis. [citation needed]