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As of 2008, there were an estimated 7 million Flex-Fuel capable vehicles on the road in the United States. A recent GM study found that roughly 70 percent of its flex-fuel vehicle owners did not know they could use E85, and fewer than 10 percent did so. [18] Since 2012, the IndyCar Series has utilized E85. [19]
If the average fuel economy of a manufacturer's annual fleet of vehicle production falls below its defined standard, the manufacturer must pay a penalty, then US$5.50 per 0.1 mpg under the standard, multiplied by the manufacturer's total production for the U.S. domestic market. [23] This is in addition to any gas guzzler tax, if applicable. [24]
In the United States, to realize equivalent fuel economy at the pump with an FFV, the price of E85 must be much lower than gasoline. E85 was at least 20% less expensive in most areas as recently as 2011. In one US test, a 2007 Chevy Tahoe FFV averaged 18.3 MPG (U.S. gallons) for gasoline and 13.5 MPG for E85, 26.5% worse than gasoline.
Some drivers do have a different option, and that's using E85 – flex-fuel. E85 is an ethanol-gasoline fuel mix, usually with a ratio of 85% ethanol to 15% gasoline.
General Motors will pay nearly $146 million in penalties to the federal government because 5.9 million of its older vehicles do not comply with emissions and fuel economy standards. The National ...
From the 1997 through the 2018 model year, the CAFE penalty was US$55 per vehicle for every 1 MPG under the standard. For the year 2006 Mercedes-Benz drew a $30.3 million penalty for violating fuel economy standards by 2.2 MPG, [117] or $122 per vehicle. [118]
New vehicles sold in the U.S. will have to average about 38 miles per gallon of gasoline in 2031 in real-world driving, up from about 29 mpg this year, under new federal rules unveiled Friday by ...
By early 2013, about 11 million E85 flex-fuel cars and light trucks were in operation, [10] [11] though actual use of E85 fuel was limited, because the ethanol fueling infrastructure was limited. [46] As of 2005, 68% of American flex-fuel car owners were not aware they owned an E85 flex. [12] [13] Flex and non-flex vehicles looked the same ...