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An uncoupler or uncoupling agent is a molecule that disrupts oxidative phosphorylation in prokaryotes and mitochondria or photophosphorylation in chloroplasts and cyanobacteria by dissociating the reactions of ATP synthesis from the electron transport chain.
It is referred to as an uncoupling agent because it disrupts ATP synthesis by transporting hydrogen ions through the mitochondrial membrane before they can be used to provide the energy for oxidative phosphorylation. [2] It is a nitrile and hydrazone. FCCP was first described in 1962 by Heytler. [3]
It is routinely [6] used as an experimental uncoupling agent in cell and molecular biology, particularly in the study of mitophagy, [7] where it was integral in discovering the role of the Parkinson's disease-associated ubiquitin ligase Parkin. [7] Outside of its effects on mitochondria, CCCP may also disrupt lysosomal degradation during ...
Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the UCP3 gene. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] The gene is located in chromosome (11q13.4) with an exon count of 7 (HGNC et al., 2016) and is expressed on the inner mitochondrial membrane .
Structure of the human uncoupling protein UCP1. An uncoupling protein (UCP) is a mitochondrial inner membrane protein that is a regulated proton channel or transporter.An uncoupling protein is thus capable of dissipating the proton gradient generated by NADH-powered pumping of protons from the mitochondrial matrix to the mitochondrial intermembrane space.
1. Ketogenic Diet. Cancer cells rely on glucose for energy to grow. The ketogenic diet is a way to provide an alternative energy source to normal cells in the dog's body while starving the cancer ...
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