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Sialadenitis (sialoadenitis) is inflammation of salivary glands, usually the major ones, the most common being the parotid gland, followed by submandibular and sublingual glands. [1] It should not be confused with sialadenosis (sialosis) which is a non-inflammatory enlargement of the major salivary glands. [2]
Less commonly the parotid gland or rarely the sublingual gland or a minor salivary gland may develop salivary stones. The usual symptoms are pain and swelling of the affected salivary gland, both of which get worse when salivary flow is stimulated, e.g. with the sight, thought, smell or taste of food, or with hunger or chewing.
Infections involving the salivary glands can be viral or bacterial (or rarely fungal). Mumps is the most common viral sialadenitis. It usually occurs in children and involves pain in front of the ear, swelling of the parotid, fever , chills, and headaches.
Parotitis as extrapulmonary tuberculosis: The mycobacterium that cause tuberculosis can also cause parotid infection. Parotid swelling can be an uncommon symptom of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB outside of the lungs). The usual symptoms are a cough, fever, weight loss, shortness of breath, chest pain, tiredness and chills.
Sialodochitis (also termed ductal sialadenitis), [1] is inflammation of the duct system of a salivary gland. [2] This is compared to sialadenitis, which is inflammation of the gland parenchyma. [3] Sialodochitis may be associated with salivary duct strictures and salivary stones. [4] It is common in both the parotid glands and submandibular ...
Chelitis glandularis is a rare inflammatory condition of the minor salivary glands, usually in the lower lip, which appears swollen and everted. [15] There may also be ulceration, crusting, abscesses, and sinus tracts. It is an acquired disorder, but the cause is uncertain.
Gradual enlargement of the major salivary glands, particularly the parotid glands. [3] This swelling may be on one side or both sides, may cause disfigurement and may be painful. [2] Xerostomia (dry mouth) with no other cause such as a side effect of medications. [2] HIV-SGD may be the presenting sign of HIV infection. [3]
A minor salivary gland biopsy, usually taken from the lip, [26] may be carried out if there is a suspicion of organic disease of the salivary glands. [1] Blood tests and urinalysis may be involved to exclude a number of possible causes. [1] To investigate xerophthalmia, the Schirmer test of lacrimal flow may be indicated. [1]