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Porphyry copper deposits represent an important resource and the dominant source of copper that is mined today to satisfy global demand. [6] Via compilation of geological data, it has been found that the majority of porphyry deposits are Phanerozoic in age and were emplaced at depths of approximately 1 to 6 kilometres with vertical thicknesses on average of 2 kilometres. [6]
Porphyry copper-gold deposits found in the west and northeast of the Junggar Basin. Iron deposits found in the eastern part of the basin due to early subduction events during Lower Carboniferous. During post-collision extensional events in Permian, gold deposits found on the west side and tin deposits found on the east side.
Porphyry deposits account for most of the copper and molybdenum world production, 60 and 95 percent of its supply respectively. [1] Porphyry-type ore deposits form in hydrothermal fluid circulation systems developed above and around high-level, subvolcanic felsic to intermediate magma chambers and/or cooling plutons. The ore is temporally and ...
When the ore forms a blanketlike body along the bedding plane of the rock, it is commonly called a manto ore deposit. Other ore geometries are chimneys and veins. [4] Polymetallic replacements/mantos are often stratiform wall-rock replacement orebodies distal to porphyry copper deposits, [5] or porphyry molybdenum deposits. [6]
The Escondida deposit is one of a cluster of porphyry coppers in an elongated area about 18 km north–south and 3 km east–west [2] and is associated with the 600 km long West Fissure (Falla Oeste) system, which is in turn associated with most of the major Chilean porphyry deposits.
This list of mines in China is subsidiary to the list of mines article and lists working, defunct and future mines in the country and is organised by the primary mineral output. For practical purposes stone, marble and other quarries may be included in this list.
The US Geological Survey estimated that, as of 2013, there remained 3.5 billion metric tons of undiscovered copper resources worldwide in porphyry and sediment-hosted type deposits, two types which currently provide 80% of mined copper production. This was in addition to 2.1 billion metric tons of identified resources.
Average discovered ore grades (e.g., in porphyry copper deposits) have remained remarkably steady over the last 150 years. [7] Structural changes in the minerals exploration industry and the recent focus on "brownfields" exploration [3] [4] Mining is extending to deeper, more remote deposits. [citation needed]