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It was based on the Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy, which was first published in 1899 as a reference for physicians. [1] The first edition of the Veterinary Manual included contributions from over 200 authors, with 389 chapters divided into sections on public health, toxicology, and diseases of domestic animals, zoo and fur animals, and ...
At steady state, the systemic exposure for armodafinil is 1.8 times the exposure observed after a single dose. The concentration-time profiles of the (R)-(−)-enantiomer following a single dose of 50 mg Nuvigil or 100 mg Provigil (modafinil being a 1:1 mixture of (R)-(−)- and (S)-(−)- enantiomers
Modafinil, sold under the brand name Provigil among others, is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant and eugeroic (wakefulness promoter) medication used primarily to treat narcolepsy, [3] [8] [15] a sleep disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness and sudden sleep attacks. [16]
Provigil Nevirapine [citation needed] Norfloxacin [14] Oseltamivir [citation needed] Oxicams [7] Ampiroxicam, Piroxicam, Tenoxicam, Droxicam, Lornoxicam, Meloxicam, Isoxicam: Paracetamol [15] [16] Acetaminophen, Panadol, Tylenol Penicillins [5] Phenytoin [5] Rivoraxaban [17] Xarelto: Sitagliptin [citation needed] Sulfonamides [2] Tetracycline [2
Acute use (1–3 days) yields a potency about 1.5× stronger than that of morphine and chronic use (7 days+) yields a potency about 2.5 to 5× that of morphine. Similarly, the effect of tramadol increases after consecutive dosing due to the accumulation of its active metabolite and an increase of the oral bioavailability in chronic use.
Dosing generally applies to feeding chemicals or medicines when used in small quantities. For medicines the term dose is generally used. In the case of inanimate objects the word dosing is typical. The term dose titration, referring to stepwise adjustment of doses until a desired level of effect is reached, is common in medicine.
Modafinil sulfone has been described as inactive, [1] and similarly to modafinil acid, does not appear to contribute to the wakefulness-promoting effects of modafinil. [2] [3] [4] However, like modafinil, modafinil sulfone was found to show anticonvulsant properties in animals, indicating that it does possess some biological activity. [5] [6] [7]
At the time of Baldino's death in 2010, the company he had co-founded in 1987 was best known for the alertness drug Provigil, the painkiller Actiq, and the seizure disorder medication Gabitril. [1] In 2011, Cephalon agreed to acquire ChemGenex Pharmaceuticals, which would provided Cephalon with marketing rights to Omapro , a therapeutic agent ...