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International Gothic is a period of Gothic art which began in Burgundy, France, and northern Italy in the late 14th and early 15th century. [1] It then spread very widely across Western Europe, hence the name for the period, which was introduced by the French art historian Louis Courajod at the end of the 19th century. [2]
The 14th and 15th centuries saw the construction of a series of new churches in the Venetian Gothic style, including the church of the Franciscans, Santa Maria Gloriosa dei Frari, begun in 1340. Built of brick, it featured three naves and an apse with six radiating chapels, and rib vaulting that sprang from massive cylindrical columns. [ 11 ]
The 14th century brought the invention of several new types of vaults which were more and more decorative. [70] These vaults often copied the forms form of the elaborate tracery of the Late Gothic styles. [69] These included the stellar vault, where a group of additional ribs between the principal ribs forms a star design.
Gothic arches adorn the Doge's Palace, Venice.Mostly 14th century. Venetian Gothic is the particular form of Italian Gothic architecture typical of Venice, originating in local building requirements, with some influence from Byzantine architecture, and some from Islamic architecture, reflecting Venice's trading network.
International Gothic (or Late Gothic) art is a style of figurative art datable between about 1370 and, in Italy, the first half of the 15th century. As the name emphasizes, this stylistic phase had an international scope, with common features as well as many local variables.
The Palais des Papes (English: Palace of the Popes; lo Palais dei Papas in Occitan) in Avignon, Southern France, is one of the largest and most important medieval Gothic buildings in Europe. [1] Once a fortress and palace, the papal residence was a seat of Western Christianity during the 14th century.
Gothic art was a style of medieval art that developed in Northern France out of Romanesque art in the 12th century, led by the concurrent development of Gothic architecture. It spread to all of Western Europe , and much of Northern , Southern and Central Europe , never quite effacing more classical styles in Italy.
The Gothic style of the first two periods was an essentially French artistic expression. From mid-14th century, following the general European trend, monumental sculpture declined but smaller sculpture flourished. Likewise, the tendency toward naturalism was the predominant note. [31]