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Grand Canyon, Arizona, at the confluence of the Colorado River and Little Colorado River.. A canyon (from Spanish: cañón; archaic British English spelling: cañon), [1] gorge or chasm, is a deep cleft between escarpments or cliffs resulting from weathering and the erosive activity of a river over geologic time scales. [2]
The Surprise Canyon Formation is a geologic formation that consists of clastic and calcareous sedimentary rocks that fill paleovalleys and paleokarst of Late Mississippian (Serpukhovian) age in Grand Canyon.
The Grand Canyon [a] is a steep-sided canyon carved by the Colorado River in Arizona, United States.The Grand Canyon is 277 miles (446 km) long, up to 18 miles (29 km) wide and attains a depth of over a mile (6,093 feet or 1,857 meters).
The Neoproterozoic Chuar Group consists of 1,600 m (5,200 ft) of exceptionally well-preserved, unmetamorphosed sedimentary strata that is composed of about 85% mudrock.The Group is the approximate upper half of the Grand Canyon Supergroup, overlain by the thin, in comparison, Sixtymile Formation, the top member of the multi-membered Grand Canyon Supergroup.
Formations totaling over 4,000 to 5,000 feet (1,200 to 1,500 m) in thickness were deposited in the region in the Mesozoic and Cenozoic but were almost entirely removed from the Grand Canyon sequence by subsequent erosion. [59] The geology of the Zion and Kolob canyons area and the geology of the Bryce Canyon area records some of these formations.
The formation was first named by W.L. Stokes and D.A. Phoenix in 1948 for exposures in Burro Canyon east of the Dolores River. [9] Stokes concluded by 1952 that the formation is equivalent to the Cedar Mountain Formation, with which it is continuous near Dewey, Utah. [10]
The Horseshoe Canyon Formation is a stratigraphic unit of the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin in southwestern Alberta. [2] [3] It takes its name from Horseshoe Canyon, an area of badlands near Drumheller. The Horseshoe Canyon Formation is part of the Edmonton Group.
In Montana, where its thickness reaches 1,700 feet (520 m), the group is subdivided into the Mission Canyon Formation and Lodgepole Formation. Equivalents of the Madison are named the Pahasapa Limestone in the Black Hills, Leadville Limestone (Colorado), Guernsey Limestone (Wyoming), and Redwall Limestone in the Grand Canyon. The upper part of ...