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Grand Canyon, Arizona, at the confluence of the Colorado River and Little Colorado River.. A canyon (from Spanish: cañón; archaic British English spelling: cañon), [1] gorge or chasm, is a deep cleft between escarpments or cliffs resulting from weathering and the erosive activity of a river over geologic time scales. [2]
Formations totaling over 4,000 to 5,000 feet (1,200 to 1,500 m) in thickness were deposited in the region in the Mesozoic and Cenozoic but were almost entirely removed from the Grand Canyon sequence by subsequent erosion. [59] The geology of the Zion and Kolob canyons area and the geology of the Bryce Canyon area records some of these formations.
The Grand Canyon [a] is a steep-sided canyon carved by the Colorado River in Arizona, United States.The Grand Canyon is 277 miles (446 km) long, up to 18 miles (29 km) wide and attains a depth of over a mile (6,093 feet or 1,857 meters).
The Neoproterozoic Chuar Group consists of 1,600 m (5,200 ft) of exceptionally well-preserved, unmetamorphosed sedimentary strata that is composed of about 85% mudrock.The Group is the approximate upper half of the Grand Canyon Supergroup, overlain by the thin, in comparison, Sixtymile Formation, the top member of the multi-membered Grand Canyon Supergroup.
The Glen Canyon Group is a geologic group of formations that is spread across the U.S. states of Nevada, Utah, northern Arizona, north west New Mexico and western Colorado. It is called the Glen Canyon Sandstone in the Green River Basin of Colorado and Utah. [1] There are four formations within the group.
The Touchet Formation is also extensively exposed at Burlingame Canyon, just southwest of the town of Touchet near the confluence of the Touchet and Walla Walla Rivers. The deposits are also found along tributaries to the Walla Walla, extending some distance south into Oregon. [2] [7]
The formation was first named by W.L. Stokes and D.A. Phoenix in 1948 for exposures in Burro Canyon east of the Dolores River. [9] Stokes concluded by 1952 that the formation is equivalent to the Cedar Mountain Formation, with which it is continuous near Dewey, Utah. [10]
The Cherry Canyon Formation has been exploited for its hydrocarbon resources. [7] Some of the hydrocarbons present in the formation may have leaked into nearby gypsum beds of the Castile Formation, producing sulfuric acid that contributed to the formation of Carlsbad Cavern.