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Epilepsy in animals is a group of neurological disorders characterized by seizures, caused by uncontrolled, abnormal bursts of electrical activity in the brain. They can start and stop very abruptly and last any amount of time from a few seconds to a few minutes. [ 1 ]
Animal models of epilepsy have helped to advance the understanding of how normal brains develop epilepsy (a process known as Epileptogenesis), and have been used in pre-clinical trials of antiepileptic drugs. [1] Epilepsy is a set of syndromes which have in common a predisposition to recurrent epileptic seizures. [2]
Kindling, where repeated exposures to events that could cause seizures eventually causes seizures more easily, has been used to create animal models of epilepsy. [233] Different animal models of epilepsy have been characterized in rodents that recapitulate the EEG and behavioral concomitants of different forms of epilepsy, in particular the ...
Kindling is a commonly used model for the development of seizures and epilepsy in which the duration and behavioral involvement of induced seizures increases after seizures are induced repeatedly. [1] Kindling is also referred as an animal visual model of epilepsy that can be produced by focal electrical stimulation in the brain.
Racine stages are a categorization of rodent epileptic seizures proposed by Ronald J. Racine in 1972. Prior to Racine's research in animal epilepsy models, a quantifiable means to describe seizure intensities and their causes was not readily available.
These initial observations led to the development of two breeding colonies: [3] [4] (i) a fully inbred strain of rats, with 100% of animals displaying the EEG and behavioral characteristics of absence seizures, derived from an outbred Wistar colony and called the Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rats from Strasbourg (GAERS) (ii) a strain of non epileptic control animals selected from the same initial ...
Rage syndrome is a rare seizure disorder in dogs, characterized by explosive aggression. [1] [2] [3]It is frequently confused with idiopathic aggression, a term for aggression with no identifiable cause.
A seizure response dog (SRD) (also known as seizure dog) is a dog demonstrating specific assisting behaviour during or immediately after a person's epileptic seizure or other seizure. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] When reliably trained such dogs can serve as service dogs for people with epilepsy .