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All strains of S. pyogenes are polylysogenized, in that they carry one or more bacteriophage on their genomes. [15] Some of the phages may be defective, but in some cases active phage may compensate for defects in others. [16] In general, the genome of S. pyogenes strains isolated during disease are >90% identical, they differ by the phage they ...
Group A streptococcal infections are a number of infections with Streptococcus pyogenes, a group A streptococcus (GAS). [1] S. pyogenes is a species of beta-hemolytic Gram-positive bacteria that is responsible for a wide range of infections that are mostly common and fairly mild. If the bacteria enters the bloodstream, the infection can become ...
Streptolysin S is an oxygen-stable cytotoxin also produced by most GAS strains which results in clearing on the surface of blood agar. SLS affects immune cells, including polymorphonuclear leukocytes and lymphocytes, and is thought to prevent the host immune system from clearing infection. Streptococcus pyogenes, or GAS, displays beta hemolysis.
The severity of this disease frequently warrants immediate medical treatment. TSS is caused primarily by some strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes that produce exotoxins. Nevertheless, invasive GBS infection can be complicated, though quite infrequently, by streptococcal toxic shock-like syndrome (STLS).
Bacteriophage T12 is a bacteriophage that infects Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria. It is a proposed species of the family Siphoviridae in the order Caudovirales also known as tailed viruses. [1] It converts a harmless strain of bacteria into a virulent strain.
Streptococcal pharyngitis, also known as streptococcal sore throat (strep throat), is pharyngitis (an infection of the pharynx, the back of the throat) caused by Streptococcus pyogenes, a gram-positive, group A streptococcus. [9] [10] Common symptoms include fever, sore throat, red tonsils, and enlarged lymph nodes in the front of the neck.
Streptococcus pyogenes under 900x magnification, viewed with Pappenheim's stain. Streptococci are gram-positive bacteria that grow in chains, but they have no motility and do not generate spores. Group A streptococci and Group B streptococci are the two most common strains that are associated with pediatric cases.
Streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins also known as erythrogenic toxins, are exotoxins secreted by strains of the bacterial species Streptococcus pyogenes. [1] [2] SpeA and speC are superantigens, which induce inflammation by nonspecifically activating T cells and stimulating the production of inflammatory cytokines. [3]