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Cross section of the Dome (print from 1887, after the first detailed drawings of the Dome, made by the English artist Frederick Catherwood in 1833). [12]The Dome of the Rock's basic plan is essentially octagonal.
1859 watercolor of the Foundation Stone by Carl Haag. Although the rock is part of the surrounding 90 million-year-old, Upper Turonian Stage, Late Cretaceous karsted limestone, [citation needed] the southern side forms a ledge, with a gap between it and the surrounding ground; a set of steps currently uses this gap to provide access from the Dome of the Rock to the Well of Souls beneath it.
While almost all historians and archaeologists and some rabbinical authorities believe that the rocky outcrop in the Dome of the Rock is the Foundation Stone, [141] some rabbis say it is located directly opposite the exposed section of the Western Wall, near the El-kas fountain. [142] This spot was the site of the Holy of Holies when the Temple ...
The Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem. The Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem, the earliest surviving Islamic building, was completed in 691 by Umayyad caliph Abd Al-Malik. [10] Its design was that of a ciborium, or reliquary, such as those common to Byzantine martyria and the major Christian churches of the city. [11]
A dome is a feature in structural geology where ... with the youngest rock layers ... creating formations that are most often expressed in cross-section as "tear drop ...
Al-Aqsa (/ æ l ˈ æ k s ə /; Arabic: الأَقْصَى, romanized: Al-Aqṣā) or al-Masjid al-Aqṣā (Arabic: المسجد الأقصى) [2] is the compound of Islamic religious buildings that sit atop the Temple Mount, also known as the Haram al-Sharif, in the Old City of Jerusalem, including the Dome of the Rock, many mosques and prayer halls, madrasas, zawiyas, khalwas and other domes ...
In the case of the simple dome, the pendentives are part of the same sphere as the dome itself; however, such domes are rare. [8] In the case of the more common compound dome, the pendentives are part of the surface of a larger sphere below that of the dome itself and form a circular base for either the dome or a drum section. [7]
Interior of the Dome of the Rock, originally built in the 7th century, with ablaq used in the arches. The Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem, originally built in the late 7th century during the Umayyad period, features ablaq light and dark stone voussoirs in the arches of its inner colonnade.