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Posture is highly affected by muscle length and tension patterns, such as tight hamstring muscles or pectoral muscles, as well as muscle strength (for example, abdominal, glutei, and trapezius strength). The posture of dancers and athletes often improves when they train for their sports. Additionally, breathing patterns affect posture.
When the chin is against the chest, the neck is flexed, and the trunk is flexed when a person leans forward. [10] Flexion of the shoulder or hip is movement of the arm or leg forward. [11] Extension is the opposite of flexion, a straightening movement that increases the angle between body parts. [12] For example, when standing up, the knees are ...
Flexion and extension describe the basic ways your body moves at its joints. Here's what that means for your workouts and training.
Activating the same spinal reflex pathway can cause limb flexion while standing, and extension while walking. Some might imagine that reflexes are immutable. In reality, however, most reflexes are flexible and can be substantially modified to match the requirements of the behavior in both vertebrates and invertebrates.
Abnormal posturing is an involuntary flexion or extension of the arms and legs, indicating severe brain injury. It occurs when one set of muscles becomes incapacitated while the opposing set is not, and an external stimulus such as pain causes the working set of muscles to contract. [1] The posturing may also occur without a stimulus.
In anatomy, extension is a movement of a joint that increases the angle between two bones or body surfaces at a joint. Extension usually results in straightening of the bones or body surfaces involved. For example, extension is produced by extending the flexed (bent) elbow. Straightening of the arm would require extension at the elbow joint.
Movements of the neck includes: flexion, extension, (nodding yes), and rotation (shaking head no). The mouth has evolved to support chewing, (mastication) and swallowing (deglutition), and speech (phonation). In addition to the teeth, other structures that aid chewing are the lips, cheeks, tongue, hard palate, soft palate, and floor of the mouth.
The function of this muscle is to rotate the head to the opposite side or obliquely rotate the head. [4] It also flexes the neck. [4] When both sides of the muscle act together, it flexes the neck and extends the head. When one side acts alone, it causes the head to rotate to the opposite side and flexes laterally to the same side (ipsilaterally).