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Eventually, 15 August became Independence Day for India marking the end of British India. Also on 15 August, both Pakistan and India had the right to remain in or remove themselves from the British Commonwealth. Violent clashes between Hindus, Sikhs, and Muslims followed.
Ultimately, the British government realised that India was ungovernable in the long run, and the question for the postwar era became how to exit gracefully and peacefully. In 1945, when the World War 2 had almost come to an end, the Labour Party of the United Kingdom won elections with a promise to provide independence to India.
Under the deal, Scotland's landed families gained access to the East India Company, and gradually become its dominant force. Scots came into India as writers, traders, engineers, missionaries, tea and indigo planters, jute traders and teachers. By 1771 almost half of the East India Company's writers were Scots.
Indian nationalism is an instance of territorial nationalism, which is inclusive of all of the people of India, despite their diverse ethnic, linguistic and religious backgrounds. Indian nationalism can trace roots to pre-colonial India, but was fully developed during the Indian independence movement which campaigned for independence from ...
The assets of the British East India Company became so huge that the British government decided to step in. India served as the main base for the British Empire's expansion across Asia and would remain the empire's most important asset and main source of income as well as soldiers until independence. Queen Victoria became Empress of India in 1876.
By the middle of the century, the British had already gained direct or indirect control over almost all parts of India. British India , consisting of the directly ruled British presidencies and provinces , contained the most populous and valuable parts of the British Empire and thus became known as "the jewel in the British crown".
The History of British India is a three-volume work by the Scottish historian, economist, political theorist, and philosopher James Mill, charting the history of Company rule in India. The work, first published in 1817, was an instant success and secured a "modicum of prosperity" for Mill.
Indian Independence Act 1947, an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that granted de facto independence to India and Pakistan Partition of India, the split of British India into modern India and Pakistan; Independence Day (India), India's national day and public holiday on August 15 marking independence from the British Empire