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The adrenal glands measure approximately 5 cm in length, 3 cm in width, and up to 1 cm in thickness. [9] Their combined weight in an adult human ranges from 7 to 10 grams. [10] The glands are yellowish in colour. [8] The adrenal glands are surrounded by a fatty capsule and lie within the renal fascia, which also
Adrenal insufficiency is a condition in which the adrenal glands do not produce adequate amounts of steroid hormones. The adrenal glands—also referred to as the adrenal cortex—normally secrete glucocorticoids (primarily cortisol), mineralocorticoids (primarily aldosterone), and androgens.
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The pituitary gland (or hypophysis) is an endocrine gland about the size of a pea and weighing 0.5 grams (0.018 oz) in humans. It is a protrusion off the bottom of the hypothalamus at the base of the brain, and rests in a small, bony cavity (sella turcica) covered by a dural fold (diaphragma sellae).
Adrenal gland disorders (or diseases) are conditions that interfere with the normal functioning of the adrenal glands. [1] Your body produces too much or too little of one or more hormones when you have an adrenal gland dysfunction. The type of issue you have and the degree to which it affects your body's hormone levels determine the symptoms.
The zona reticularis (sometimes, reticulate zone) is the innermost layer of the adrenal cortex, lying deep to the zona fasciculata and superficial to the adrenal medulla. The cells are arranged cords that project in different directions giving a net-like appearance (L. reticulum - net). [1]
The renal fascia is a dense, elastic connective tissue envelope enclosing the kidney and adrenal gland, together with the layer of perirenal fat surrounding these two. [1]The renal fascia separates the adipose capsule of kidney from the overlying pararenal fat.
H & E staining of the adrenal cortex. The zona glomerulosa is the outermost layer, below the renal capsule (near the pointer) In response to increased potassium levels, renin or decreased blood flow to the kidneys , cells of the zona glomerulosa produce and secrete the mineralocorticoid aldosterone into the blood as part of the renin ...