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In children, septic arthritis is usually caused by non-specific bacterial infection and commonly hematogenous, i.e., spread through the bloodstream. [6] [7] Septic arthritis and/or acute hematogenous osteomyelitis usually occurs in children with no co-occurring health problems. Other routes of infection include direct trauma and spread from a ...
[3] [4] Septic arthritis is an orthopedic emergency, which, if treatment is delayed, can lead to irreversible joint damage. Septic arthritis occurs more often in childhood than at any other time. [4] [5] Kocher criteria are a useful guide to the diagnosis of septic arthritis in children, especially in the hip, one of the most frequently ...
Septic arthritis (a bacterial infection of the joint) is the most important differential diagnosis, because it can quickly cause irreversible damage to the hip joint. [ 8 ] [ 4 ] Fever, raised inflammatory markers on blood tests and severe symptoms (inability to bear weight, pronounced muscle guarding) all point to septic arthritis, [ 13 ] [ 14 ...
Pyomyositis is most often caused by the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus. [3] The infection can affect any skeletal muscle, but most often infects the large muscle groups such as the quadriceps or gluteal muscles. [2] [4] [5] Pyomyositis is mainly a disease of children and was first described by Scriba in 1885.
Osteoarthritis is a degenerative, or non-inflammatory arthritis. It is the most common type of arthritis, affecting between 19% and 30% of adults above the age of 45. It is caused by a progressive erosion of cartilage which eventually leads to bone damage. It is a polyarthritis, but it usually begins in a single joint.
According to estimates, juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) affects 1 to 4 out of every 1000 children, making it the most prevalent rheumatic illness in children. [ 34 ] [ 35 ] With incidence rates ranging from 0.4 to 0.8 children per 100,000 children, sJIA accounts for 10% to 20% of JIA cases.
JIA is a subset of childhood arthritis, but unlike other, more transient forms of childhood arthritis, JIA persists for at least six weeks, and in some children is a lifelong condition. It differs significantly from forms of arthritis commonly seen in adults ( osteoarthritis , rheumatoid arthritis ), in terms of cause, disease associations, and ...
Polyarticular arthritis is the first type of arthritis, which affects about 30–40% of children with arthritis and is more common in girls than boys. [1] [12] [13] [14] This subtype begins later in childhood and could be subdivided into two types: Rheumatoid Factor (RF) negative and RF positive depending on the presence of the RF antibody ...