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  2. Gas constant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_constant

    The molar gas constant (also known as the gas constant, universal gas constant, or ideal gas constant) is denoted by the symbol R or R. It is the molar equivalent to the Boltzmann constant , expressed in units of energy per temperature increment per amount of substance , rather than energy per temperature increment per particle .

  3. List of physical constants - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_physical_constants

    The constants listed here are known values of physical constants expressed in SI units; that is, physical quantities that are generally believed to be universal in nature and thus are independent of the unit system in which they are measured. Many of these are redundant, in the sense that they obey a known relationship with other physical ...

  4. List of thermodynamic properties - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_thermodynamic...

    On the other hand, some constants, such as K f (the freezing point depression constant, or cryoscopic constant), depend on the identity of a substance, and so may be considered to describe the state of a system, and therefore may be considered physical properties. "Specific" properties are expressed on a per mass basis.

  5. Ideal gas - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideal_gas

    R is the gas constant, which must be expressed in units consistent with those chosen for pressure, volume and temperature. For example, in SI units R = 8.3145 J⋅K −1 ⋅mol −1 when pressure is expressed in pascals, volume in cubic meters, and absolute temperature in kelvin. The ideal gas law is an extension of experimentally discovered ...

  6. Gas laws - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_laws

    where P is the pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas constant and T is the absolute temperature. The proportionality constant, now named R, is the universal gas constant with a value of 8.3144598 (kPa∙L)/(mol∙K). An equivalent formulation of this law is: =

  7. Avogadro's law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avogadro's_Law

    which is a constant for a fixed pressure and a fixed temperature. An equivalent formulation of the ideal gas law can be written using Boltzmann constant k B, as =, where N is the number of particles in the gas, and the ratio of R over k B is equal to the Avogadro constant. In this form, for V/N is a constant, we have

  8. Dulong–Petit law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dulong–Petit_law

    An equivalent statement of the Dulong–Petit law in modern terms is that, regardless of the nature of the substance, the specific heat capacity c of a solid element (measured in joule per kelvin per kilogram) is equal to 3R/M, where R is the gas constant (measured in joule per kelvin per mole) and M is the molar mass (measured in kilogram per mole).

  9. Degrees of freedom (physics and chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Degrees_of_freedom_(physics...

    By the equipartition theorem, internal energy per mole of gas equals c v T, where T is absolute temperature and the specific heat at constant volume is c v = (f)(R/2). R = 8.314 J/(K mol) is the universal gas constant, and "f" is the number of thermodynamic (quadratic) degrees of freedom, counting the number of ways in which energy can occur.