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Concealed ovulation or hidden estrus is the lack of any perceptible change (e.g., a change in appearance or scent) when an adult female is fertile and near ovulation. Some examples of perceptible changes are swelling and redness of the vulva in baboons and bonobos , and pheromone release in the feline family.
Without ovulation, she may enter interestrus, which is the combined stages of diestrus and anestrus, before reentering estrus. With the induction of ovulation, the female becomes pregnant or undergoes a non-pregnant luteal phase, also known as pseudopregnancy. Cats are polyestrous but experience a seasonal anestrus in autumn and late winter. [19]
They found that the females concealed estrus and were sexually receptive during the entire mating season. Concealed estrus and sexual receptivity (at all times of the ovarian cycle) aids paternity confusion. This is because the males are unsure of who mated with the female during her fertile period, and so do not know the identity of the father.
This page was last edited on 11 September 2024, at 09:10 (UTC).; Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License; additional terms may apply.
Ovulation is an important part of the menstrual cycle in female vertebrates where the egg cells are released from the ovaries as part of the ovarian cycle. In female humans ovulation typically occurs near the midpoint in the menstrual cycle and after the follicular phase. Ovulation is stimulated by an increase in luteinizing hormone (LH).
By evolving concealed ovulation and continuous receptivity, females force males into longer periods of consortship if they are to have a good chance of achieving impregnation (figures c,d). [23] Reproductive synchrony—whether seasonal, lunar or a combination of the two—is a key strategy for reproductive levelling, reducing paternity skew ...
[10] [page needed] Some species will not—or cannot—engage in sex at all outside of this window. [9] [page needed] This phase of sexual receptivity and proceptivity, estrus, is often referred to as being "in heat". Human females, however, engage in sex throughout their ovulatory cycles, and even beyond their reproductive years.
Cryptic female choice is a form of mate choice which occurs both in pre- and post-copulatory circumstances in which females of certain species use physical or chemical mechanisms to control a male's success of fertilizing their ova or ovum; i.e. by selecting whether sperm are successful in fertilizing their eggs or not.