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The optative mood alone can be used to express wishes for the future: [67] ὃ μὴ γένοιτο. (Demosthenes) [68] hò mḕ génoito. "which may it not happen!" The optative of wish is sometimes preceded by εἴθε (eíthe) or εἰ γάρ (ei gár) "if only". In this case it has the same construction as a less vivid future condition: [69]
The optative mood (/ ˈ ɒ p t ə t ɪ v / OP-tə-tiv or / ɒ p ˈ t eɪ t ɪ v / op-TAY-tiv; [1] abbreviated OPT) is a grammatical mood that indicates a wish or hope regarding a given action.It is a superset of the cohortative mood and is closely related to the subjunctive mood but is distinct from the desiderative mood.
The optative mood (/ ˈ ɒ p t ə t ɪ v / or / ɒ p ˈ t eɪ t ɪ v /; [1] Ancient Greek [ἔγκλισις] εὐκτική, [énklisis] euktikḗ, "[inflection] for wishing", [2] Latin optātīvus [modus] "[mode] for wishing") [3] is a grammatical mood of the Ancient Greek verb, named for its use as a way to express wishes.
Many middle-voice verbs, such as ἀποκρῑ́νομαι (apokrī́nomai) "I answer", are deponent, that is to say, they have no corresponding active form. Other middle verbs, such as παύομαι ( paúomai ) "I cease (doing something)" (intransitive), have a corresponding active form: παύω ( paúō ) "I stop (something)" (transitive).
In linguistics, grammatical mood is a grammatical feature of verbs, used for signaling modality. [1] [2]: 181 [3] That is, it is the use of verbal inflections that allow speakers to express their attitude toward what they are saying (for example, a statement of fact, of desire, of command, etc.).
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I wish I were less tired. If only he were a trained soldier. Other syntactic patterns are possible with most of these expressions. The verb wish can be used with a to-infinitive or as an ordinary transitive verb (I wish to talk; I wish you good health). The expressions would rather and it's time can also be followed by a to-infinitive.
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