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The United States has a racially and ethnically diverse population. [1] At the federal level, race and ethnicity have been categorized separately. The most recent United States census recognized five racial categories (White, Black, Native American/Alaska Native, Asian, and Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander), as well as people who belong to two or more of the racial categories.
This is a list of the 50 U.S. states, the 5 populated U.S. territories, and the District of Columbia by race/ethnicity. It includes a sortable table of population by race /ethnicity. The table excludes Hispanics from the racial categories, assigning them to their own category.
Race and ethnicity are considered separate and distinct identities, with a person's origins considered in the census. Thus, in addition to their race or races, all respondents are categorized by membership in one of two ethnic categories, which are "Hispanic or Latino" and "Not Hispanic or Latino."
Under federal law, the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965, [41] the number of first-generation immigrants living in the United States has increased, [42] from 9.6 million in 1970 to about 38 million in 2007. [43] Around a million people legally immigrated to the United States per year in the 1990s, up from 250,000 per year in the 1950s. [44]
They form the second largest group in the United States, comprising 62,080,044 people or 18.7% of the population according to the 2020 United States census. [b] [59] [60] Hispanic and Latino Americans are not considered a race in the United States census, instead forming an ethnic category. [61] [62] [63] [64]
The United States Census has race and ethnicity as defined by the Office of Management and Budget in 1997. [1] The following median household income data are retrieved from American Community Survey 2021 1-year estimates.
In the United States, reproductive health disparities exist between white and minority women. Historical abuses and experimentation on Black women by medical professionals has led to greater distrust of the medical community. [204] Additionally, current racial biases held by medical personnel affect medical care of Black and minority women. [205]
Furthermore, the United States Census Bureau proposed but then withdrew plans to add a new category to classify Middle Eastern and North African peoples in the 2020 U.S. census, due to a dispute over whether this classification should be considered a white ethnicity or a separate race.