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The Amu Darya (/ ˌ ɑː m uː ˈ d ɑːr j ə / AH-moo DAR-yə), [a] (Persian: آمو دریا) also shortened to Amu and historically known as the Oxus (/ ˈ ɒ k s ə s / OK-səss), [2] [b] is a major river in Central Asia, which flows through Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Afghanistan.
' Land beyond the Oxus ', now called the Amu Darya) is the Latin name for the region and civilization located in lower Central Asia roughly corresponding to eastern Uzbekistan, western Tajikistan, parts of southern Kazakhstan, parts of Turkmenistan and southern Kyrgyzstan.
Amyderýa Nature Reserve (Turkmen: Amyderýa goraghanasy) is a nature reserve of north-eastern Turkmenistan.. Established in 1982 to protect part of the Amu Darya River, it is located in the north-east of Lebap Province and covers an area of 495 km 2.
Aral-Paygambar (Uzbek: Payg'ambar Orol; Russian: Арал-Пайгамбар), which means the island of the prophet, is an island on the Amu Darya river which separates Uzbekistan and Afghanistan. The nature reserve was created in 1960 on the island of Aral-Paygambar on the Amu Darya river near Termez.
The Tuyamuyun Hydro Complex (THC) is a system of four interconnected reservoirs and a series of canals on the lower Amu Darya River, bordering Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan. Its primary purpose is to provide water for irrigation in Xorazm, Karakalpakstan and Daşoguz regions of Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan and as far north as Kazakhstan. [2]
Amu Darya→ Aral Sea The Kofarnihon ( Tajik : Кофарниҳон , Uzbek : Kofarnihon ) is one of the major tributaries of the Amu Darya (together with Vakhsh and Panj ) in Tajikistan . The river is 387 kilometres (240 mi) long and has a basin area of 11,600 square kilometres (4,500 sq mi). [ 1 ]
It is located in Central Asia, in the land between the confluent rivers Amu Darya and Syr Darya, a region historically known as Transoxania. [1] Today it is divided among Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. It covers about 298,000 km 2 (115,000 sq mi).
The Harappan settlement of Shortugai in Northern Afghanistan on the banks of the Amu Darya probably served as a trading station. [25] There is evidence of sustained contact between the BMAC and the Eurasian steppes to the north, intensifying c. 2000 BC.